Zhen Chen1, Zhiwei Chen. 1. Department of Pathology, Shidong Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody cetuximab has been used widely in non-small cell lung cancer patients. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of lung cancer cells (A549, H460, H1299, SPC-A-1) which were treated by cetuximab in vitro. METHODS: We studied the effects of increasing concentrations of cetuximab (1 nmol/L-625 nmol/L) in four human lung cancer cell lines (A549, SPC-A-1, H460, H1229). CCK8 measured the inhibition of cell proliferation in each group. A549, SPC-A-1 were marked by PI and the statuses of apoptosis were observed. Western blot were used to detect the proliferation-related signaling protein and apoptosis-related protein in A549. RESULTS: The treatment with cetuximab resulted in the effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis in a time- and dosedependent manner. The expression of activated key enzymes (p-AKT, p-EGFR, p-MAPK) in EGFR signaling transduction pathway were down-regulated more obviously. CONCLUSIONS: Cetuximab is an effective targeted drug in the treatment of lung cancer cell lines, tissues, most likely to contribute to the inhibition of key enzymes in EGFR signaling transduction pathway.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody cetuximab has been used widely in non-small cell lung cancerpatients. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of lung cancer cells (A549, H460, H1299, SPC-A-1) which were treated by cetuximab in vitro. METHODS: We studied the effects of increasing concentrations of cetuximab (1 nmol/L-625 nmol/L) in four humanlung cancer cell lines (A549, SPC-A-1, H460, H1229). CCK8 measured the inhibition of cell proliferation in each group. A549, SPC-A-1 were marked by PI and the statuses of apoptosis were observed. Western blot were used to detect the proliferation-related signaling protein and apoptosis-related protein in A549. RESULTS: The treatment with cetuximab resulted in the effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis in a time- and dosedependent manner. The expression of activated key enzymes (p-AKT, p-EGFR, p-MAPK) in EGFR signaling transduction pathway were down-regulated more obviously. CONCLUSIONS:Cetuximab is an effective targeted drug in the treatment of lung cancer cell lines, tissues, most likely to contribute to the inhibition of key enzymes in EGFR signaling transduction pathway.
The inhibitory effects of cetuximab on proliferation of human lung cancer cells (A549, H1299, SPC-A-1, H460, 95C and 95D) treated by different concentrations of cetuximab
西妥昔单抗作用后对各细胞株(A549、H460、H1299、SPC-A-1、95C和95D)的增殖抑制结果The inhibitory effects of cetuximab on proliferation of humanlung cancer cells (A549, H1299, SPC-A-1, H460, 95C and 95D) treated by different concentrations of cetuximab
The apoptosis rates of A549 and SPC-A-1 cells treated with cetuximab. A: The apoptosis rate of A549 cells treated with cetuximab; B: The apoptosis rate of SPC-A-1 cells treated with cetuximab.
西妥昔单抗作用后A549和SPC-A-1细胞凋亡图。A:西妥昔单抗作用后A549细胞凋亡图; B:西妥昔单抗作用后SPC-A-1细胞凋亡图。The apoptosis rates of A549 and SPC-A-1 cells treated with cetuximab. A: The apoptosis rate of A549 cells treated with cetuximab; B: The apoptosis rate of SPC-A-1 cells treated with cetuximab.
The expressions of p-AKT, p-EGFR, p-MAPK were downregulated in SPC-A-1 cell treated with cetuximab. A: The Western blot images of p-AKT, p-EGFR, p-MAPK in SPC-A-1 treated with cetuximab. β-actin served as internal control; B: The expressions of p-AKT, p-EGFR, p-MAPK were reduced significantly by cetuximab in SPC-A-1 cells than internal control. *P < 0.05.
西妥昔单抗作用后SPC-A-1细胞p-AKT、p-EGFR、p-MAPK的表达下调。A:西妥昔单抗作用后SPC-A-1细胞p-AKT、p-EGFR、p-MAPK的Western blot电泳图,以β-actin为内对照; B:直方图显示西妥昔单抗作用SPC-A-1能明显降低p-AKT、p-EGFR、p-MAPK蛋白表达水平。*P < 0.05。The expressions of p-AKT, p-EGFR, p-MAPK were downregulated in SPC-A-1 cell treated with cetuximab. A: The Western blot images of p-AKT, p-EGFR, p-MAPK in SPC-A-1 treated with cetuximab. β-actin served as internal control; B: The expressions of p-AKT, p-EGFR, p-MAPK were reduced significantly by cetuximab in SPC-A-1 cells than internal control. *P < 0.05.
讨论
西妥昔单抗是一个特异性针对EGFR的IgG1单克隆抗体,与非活化的EGFR的胞外结构域结合,且亲和力远高于内源性配体,可以竞争性阻断配体与受体的结合,从而阻断内源性配体介导的EGFR酪氨酸激酶活化[。目前大量临床研究[已证实西妥昔单抗在转移性结直肠癌以及头颈部鳞状细胞癌中疗效确切。单克隆抗体西妥昔单抗在肺癌治疗中的运用越来越广泛。2008年美国临床肿瘤年会中报道的FLEX Ⅲ期随对照研究[显示,西妥昔单抗联合化疗一线治疗晚期NSCLC可以显著延长各病理类型患者的中位生存期(11.3个月vs 10.1个月)与1年生存率(47% vs 42%)。FLEX试验是第一个证明EGFR抑制剂靶向药物与化疗联用可以延长生存的临床研究,目前被2009版NCCN指南推荐作为晚期NSCLC患者的一线治疗。西妥昔单抗作用机制为:与EGF、TGF等配体竞争EGFR分子上的特殊结合位点,阻断配体对受体的激动作用,并通过EGFR的内吞、失活,下调其在胞膜的表达水平,还可激活抗体依赖的细胞毒作用(antibodydependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, ADCC),产生进一步的细胞杀伤效应[。本研究结果显示西妥昔单抗对4株细胞株都表现出一定的体外增殖抑制作用,其抑制作用呈时间和浓度依赖性。随着作用时间的延长,其对细胞的增殖抑制作用逐渐增强。我们采用Westem blot法检测经西妥昔单抗处理SPC-A-1可明显降低p-AKT、p-EGFR、p-MAPK蛋白表达水平,药物作用与肺癌细胞信号通路蛋白表达抑制明显相关进一步下调了其下游信号转导通路中活化的关键酶蛋白的表达,从而体现了明显的作用。在人肺癌细胞系的体外作用中,西妥昔单抗具有一定的抑瘤效应,其作用的分子机制是进一步下调了活化的EGFR信号转导通路关键酶的表达,这为进一步的动物实验和临床研究、临床用药提供了一定的指导作用。EGFR单克隆抗体靶向治疗肺癌具有良好的应用前景,值得进一步的研究。
Authors: J Guillermo Paez; Pasi A Jänne; Jeffrey C Lee; Sean Tracy; Heidi Greulich; Stacey Gabriel; Paula Herman; Frederic J Kaye; Neal Lindeman; Titus J Boggon; Katsuhiko Naoki; Hidefumi Sasaki; Yoshitaka Fujii; Michael J Eck; William R Sellers; Bruce E Johnson; Matthew Meyerson Journal: Science Date: 2004-04-29 Impact factor: 47.728
Authors: Thomas J Lynch; Daphne W Bell; Raffaella Sordella; Sarada Gurubhagavatula; Ross A Okimoto; Brian W Brannigan; Patricia L Harris; Sara M Haserlat; Jeffrey G Supko; Frank G Haluska; David N Louis; David C Christiani; Jeff Settleman; Daniel A Haber Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2004-04-29 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Robert Pirker; Jose R Pereira; Aleksandra Szczesna; Joachim von Pawel; Maciej Krzakowski; Rodryg Ramlau; Ihor Vynnychenko; Keunchil Park; Chih-Teng Yu; Valentyn Ganul; Jae-Kyung Roh; Emilio Bajetta; Kenneth O'Byrne; Filippo de Marinis; Wilfried Eberhardt; Thomas Goddemeier; Michael Emig; Ulrich Gatzemeier Journal: Lancet Date: 2009-05-02 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: William Pao; Vincent A Miller; Katerina A Politi; Gregory J Riely; Romel Somwar; Maureen F Zakowski; Mark G Kris; Harold Varmus Journal: PLoS Med Date: 2005-02-22 Impact factor: 11.069