OBJECTIVE: Stigma has been conceptualized as comprised of 3 constructs: knowledge (ignorance), attitudes (prejudice), and behaviour (discrimination). We are not aware of a psychometrically tested instrument to assess knowledge about mental health problems among the general public. Our paper presents the results of the development stage and the psychometric properties of the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS), an instrument to assess stigma-related mental health knowledge among the general public. METHODS: We describe the development of the MAKS in addition to 3 studies that were carried out to evaluate the psychometric properties of the MAKS. Adults aged 25 to 45 years in socioeconomic groups: B, C1, and C2 completed the instrument via face-to-face interview (n = 92) and online (n = 403). RESULTS: Internal reliability and test-retest reliability is moderate to substantial. Validity is supported by extensive review by experts (including service users and international experts in stigma research). CONCLUSION: The lack of a valid outcome measure to assess knowledge is a shortcoming of evaluations of stigma interventions and programs. The MAKS was found to be a brief and feasible instrument for assessing and tracking stigma-related mental health knowledge. This instrument should be used in conjunction with other attitude- and behaviour-related measures.
OBJECTIVE: Stigma has been conceptualized as comprised of 3 constructs: knowledge (ignorance), attitudes (prejudice), and behaviour (discrimination). We are not aware of a psychometrically tested instrument to assess knowledge about mental health problems among the general public. Our paper presents the results of the development stage and the psychometric properties of the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS), an instrument to assess stigma-related mental health knowledge among the general public. METHODS: We describe the development of the MAKS in addition to 3 studies that were carried out to evaluate the psychometric properties of the MAKS. Adults aged 25 to 45 years in socioeconomic groups: B, C1, and C2 completed the instrument via face-to-face interview (n = 92) and online (n = 403). RESULTS: Internal reliability and test-retest reliability is moderate to substantial. Validity is supported by extensive review by experts (including service users and international experts in stigma research). CONCLUSION: The lack of a valid outcome measure to assess knowledge is a shortcoming of evaluations of stigma interventions and programs. The MAKS was found to be a brief and feasible instrument for assessing and tracking stigma-related mental health knowledge. This instrument should be used in conjunction with other attitude- and behaviour-related measures.
Authors: Graham Thornicroft; Ioannis Bakolis; Sara Evans-Lacko; Petra C Gronholm; Claire Henderson; Brandon A Kohrt; Mirja Koschorke; Maria Milenova; Maya Semrau; Nicole Votruba; Norman Sartorius Journal: World Psychiatry Date: 2019-06 Impact factor: 49.548
Authors: Luca Pingani; Gaia Sampogna; Sara Evans-Lacko; Benedetta Gozzi; Vincenzo Giallonardo; Mario Luciano; Gian Maria Galeazzi; Andrea Fiorillo Journal: Community Ment Health J Date: 2019-05-23
Authors: Eunice C Wong; Rebecca L Collins; Joshua Breslau; M Audrey Burnam; Matthew Cefalu; Elizabeth A Roth Journal: J Nerv Ment Dis Date: 2018-06 Impact factor: 2.254
Authors: Sara Evans-Lacko; Jillian London; Kirsty Little; Claire Henderson; Graham Thornicroft Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2010-06-14 Impact factor: 3.295