Influence of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on vasopressin and corticosterone secretion during water deprivation in rats.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived radical that functions as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and plays a physiological role in the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and vasopressinergic axis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the interaction between the generation of NO and vasopressin (AVP) and corticosterone release after 3 days of water deprivation in rats. Animals were previously treated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) saline or L-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) injection. L-NAME is a nonspecific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthases. In control rats given i.p. saline or L-NAME, hypothalamic, pituitary, and plasma AVP levels and plasma corticosterone did not change from baseline levels (p>0.05). Three days of water deprivation increased significantly the corticosterone levels in plasma (p<0.01) and AVP levels in hypothalamus and plasma (p<0.01), but not in pituitary, which showed a significant decrease. These variations were concomitant with the elevation of nitrates/nitrates in plasma. L-NAME injection abolished significantly (p<0.01) the elevation of plasma corticosterone and hypothalamic AVP levels induced by water deprivation. These findings showed that in water-deprived rats, nitric oxide synthase inhibition by L-NAME inhibits corticosterone and vasopressin release, suggesting a potent stimulatory role of NO.