Temporary intra-operative reduction techniques for tibial fracture fixation: A review of the literature.

Accurate intra-operative reduction and maintenance of reduction is essential for successful fixation of tibial fractures. Although many tibial fractures can be reduced with minimal manipulation, numerous techniques have been described to facilitate fixation of more difficult fractures. These include use of a traction table, manual traction techniques, temporary distracters, reduction clamps and temporary unicortical plating. This article reviews the literature and assesses the options available for the temporary reduction and maintenance of reduction of tibial fractures prior to definitive fixation.