Steven J Hoffman1, John N Lavis, Sara Bennett. 1. Faculty of Law, Department of Political Science and Munk Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the extent to which research evidence informs the development of recommendations by international organizations. METHODS: We identified specific World Health Organization (WHO) and World Bank recommendations on five topics (contracting, healthcare financing, health human resources, tuberculosis control and tobacco control), catalogued the related systematic reviews and assessed the recommendations to determine their consistency with the systematic reviews that were available at the time of their formulation. FINDINGS: Only two of the eight publications examined were found to cite systematic reviews, and only five of 14 WHO and two of seven World Bank recommendations were consistent with both the direction and nature of effect claims from systematic reviews. Ten of 14 WHO and five of seven World Bank recommendations were consistent with the direction of effect claims only. CONCLUSION: WHO and the World Bank - working with donor agencies and national governments - can improve their use of (or at least, their reporting about their use of) research evidence. Decision-makers and clinicians should critically evaluate the quality and local applicability of recommendations from any source, including international organizations, prior to their implementation.
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the extent to which research evidence informs the development of recommendations by international organizations. METHODS: We identified specific World Health Organization (WHO) and World Bank recommendations on five topics (contracting, healthcare financing, health human resources, tuberculosis control and tobacco control), catalogued the related systematic reviews and assessed the recommendations to determine their consistency with the systematic reviews that were available at the time of their formulation. FINDINGS: Only two of the eight publications examined were found to cite systematic reviews, and only five of 14 WHO and two of seven World Bank recommendations were consistent with both the direction and nature of effect claims from systematic reviews. Ten of 14 WHO and five of seven World Bank recommendations were consistent with the direction of effect claims only. CONCLUSION: WHO and the World Bank - working with donor agencies and national governments - can improve their use of (or at least, their reporting about their use of) research evidence. Decision-makers and clinicians should critically evaluate the quality and local applicability of recommendations from any source, including international organizations, prior to their implementation.
Authors: Morten Aaserud; Simon Lewin; Simon Innvaer; Elizabeth J Paulsen; Astrid T Dahlgren; Mari Trommald; Lelia Duley; Merrick Zwarenstein; Andrew D Oxman Journal: BMC Health Serv Res Date: 2005-11-01 Impact factor: 2.655
Authors: John N Lavis; John-Arne Røttingen; Xavier Bosch-Capblanch; Rifat Atun; Fadi El-Jardali; Lucy Gilson; Simon Lewin; Sandy Oliver; Pierre Ongolo-Zogo; Andy Haines Journal: PLoS Med Date: 2012-03-13 Impact factor: 11.069