[Optimal administration of antimicrobial agents for febrile neutropenia in patients with hematological malignancies].

Infection during neutropenia after anti-cancer chemotherapy is defined as "febrile neutropenia". Because febrile neutropenia is prone to be severe, patients with febrile neutropenia face the risk of death. The forth cephem is recommended to be administrated as first line agent. Regarding to frequency of administration, in clinical pharmacological view, efficacy of beta-lactam has been cleared to depend on time above minimal inhibitory concentration. The optimal frequency of cephem has been established to be thrice, not twice, a day. Moreover, double dose is recommended to be administrated at least once a day. Administration of agent based on pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics theory has a power to obtain the best clinical and biological outcome and minimize related-toxicity. Establishment of optimal administration of antifungal agents is further assignment.