OBJECTIVE: Weight gain and growth in early life may influence adult pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: Follow-up of a birth cohort in New Delhi, India, whose weight and height were measured every 6 months until age 21 years. Body mass index (BMI) at birth, during infancy (2 years), childhood (11 years) and adulthood (26-32 years) and BMI gain between these ages were analysed in 886 men and 640 women with respect to adult fibrinogen, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) concentrations. RESULTS: All the pro-inflammatory/pro-thrombotic risk factors were higher in participants with higher adiposity. In women, BMI at birth and age 2 years was inversely related to fibrinogen (P = 0.002 and 0.05) and, after adjusting for adult adiposity, to hsCRP (P = 0.02 and 0.009). After adjusting for adult adiposity, BMI at 2 years was inversely related to hsCRP and PAI-1 concentrations (P < 0.001 and 0.02) in men. BMI gain between 2 and 11 years and/or 11 years to adulthood was positively associated with fibrinogen and hsCRP in women and with hsCRP and PAI-1 in men. CONCLUSIONS: Thinness at birth or during infancy, and accelerated BMI gain during childhood/adolescence are associated with a pro-inflammatory/pro-thrombotic state in adult life. An altered inflammatory state could be one link between small newborn/infant size and adult cardiovascular disease. Associations between pro-inflammatory markers and childhood/adolescent BMI gain are probably mediated through adult adiposity.
OBJECTIVE:Weight gain and growth in early life may influence adult pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: Follow-up of a birth cohort in New Delhi, India, whose weight and height were measured every 6 months until age 21 years. Body mass index (BMI) at birth, during infancy (2 years), childhood (11 years) and adulthood (26-32 years) and BMI gain between these ages were analysed in 886 men and 640 women with respect to adult fibrinogen, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) concentrations. RESULTS: All the pro-inflammatory/pro-thrombotic risk factors were higher in participants with higher adiposity. In women, BMI at birth and age 2 years was inversely related to fibrinogen (P = 0.002 and 0.05) and, after adjusting for adult adiposity, to hsCRP (P = 0.02 and 0.009). After adjusting for adult adiposity, BMI at 2 years was inversely related to hsCRP and PAI-1 concentrations (P < 0.001 and 0.02) in men. BMI gain between 2 and 11 years and/or 11 years to adulthood was positively associated with fibrinogen and hsCRP in women and with hsCRP and PAI-1 in men. CONCLUSIONS: Thinness at birth or during infancy, and accelerated BMI gain during childhood/adolescence are associated with a pro-inflammatory/pro-thrombotic state in adult life. An altered inflammatory state could be one link between small newborn/infant size and adult cardiovascular disease. Associations between pro-inflammatory markers and childhood/adolescent BMI gain are probably mediated through adult adiposity.
Authors: John Danesh; Sarah Lewington; Simon G Thompson; Gordon D O Lowe; Rory Collins; J B Kostis; A C Wilson; A R Folsom; K Wu; M Benderly; U Goldbourt; J Willeit; S Kiechl; J W G Yarnell; P M Sweetnam; P C Elwood; M Cushman; B M Psaty; R P Tracy; A Tybjaerg-Hansen; F Haverkate; M P M de Maat; F G R Fowkes; A J Lee; F B Smith; V Salomaa; K Harald; R Rasi; E Vahtera; P Jousilahti; J Pekkanen; R D'Agostino; W B Kannel; P W F Wilson; G Tofler; C L Arocha-Piñango; A Rodriguez-Larralde; E Nagy; M Mijares; R Espinosa; E Rodriquez-Roa; E Ryder; M P Diez-Ewald; G Campos; V Fernandez; E Torres; R Marchioli; F Valagussa; A Rosengren; L Wilhelmsen; G Lappas; H Eriksson; P Cremer; D Nagel; J D Curb; B Rodriguez; K Yano; J T Salonen; K Nyyssönen; T-P Tuomainen; B Hedblad; P Lind; H Loewel; W Koenig; T W Meade; J A Cooper; B De Stavola; C Knottenbelt; G J Miller; J A Cooper; K A Bauer; R D Rosenberg; S Sato; A Kitamura; Y Naito; T Palosuo; P Ducimetiere; P Amouyel; D Arveiler; A E Evans; J Ferrieres; I Juhan-Vague; A Bingham; H Schulte; G Assmann; B Cantin; B Lamarche; J-P Després; G R Dagenais; H Tunstall-Pedoe; M Woodward; Y Ben-Shlomo; G Davey Smith; V Palmieri; J L Yeh; A Rudnicka; P Ridker; F Rodeghiero; A Tosetto; J Shepherd; I Ford; M Robertson; E Brunner; M Shipley; E J M Feskens; D Kromhout; A Dickinson; B Ireland; K Juzwishin; S Kaptoge; S Lewington; A Memon; N Sarwar; M Walker; J Wheeler; I White; A Wood Journal: JAMA Date: 2005-10-12 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Andrea Danese; Carmine M Pariante; Avshalom Caspi; Alan Taylor; Richie Poulton Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2007-01-17 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Harshpal S Sachdev; Caroline H D Fall; Clive Osmond; Ramakrishnan Lakshmy; Sushant K Dey Biswas; Samantha D Leary; Kolli Srinath Reddy; David J P Barker; Santosh K Bhargava Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2005-08 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Anita Khalil; Mark D Huffman; Dorairaj Prabhakaran; Clive Osmond; Caroline H D Fall; Nikhil Tandon; Ramakrishnan Lakshmy; Poornima Prabhakaran; S K Dey Biswas; Siddarth Ramji; Harshpal S Sachdev; Santosh K Bhargava Journal: Int J Cardiol Date: 2012-04-25 Impact factor: 4.164