[Carl Ludwig Sigmund Ritter von Ilanor, the founder of venerology, an early Hospital Hygienist and Austrian Epidemiologist in the Service of the European Public Health. The 200th anniversary of his birth in August 1810].

Carl Ludwig Sigmund von Ilanor, primarily being surgeon, became the first professor of Syphilidology in Vienna, in which position he was confronted with the disastrous hygienic conditions in Vienna's general hospital. His improvement of the situation, still in the pre-bacteriological epoch, made him a successful clinician and hospital hygienist as well as a charitable social reformer. In Europe far beyond the Austrian state Sigmund was recognized for his reforms of the defense of epidemics, especially of the plague and of epizootics originating in the Osman territories of south-east Europe and the Levantine as well as of the cholera from India. His own experience obtained in the territory of the Austrian Military Border, where he was born in 1810, and official journeys had made him a reformer of Austrian and other European measures of quarantine. His proposals of defence of invasion of epidemics into Europe and for the establishment of a Permanent International Sanitary Commission in Vienna were adopted in the International Sanitary Conferences in Vienna and Washington.