BACKGROUND: IL-33, a member of the IL-1 family, induces the production of pro-inflammatory and Th2-associated cytokines and may also serve as an 'alarmin' similar to HMGB1. Soluble ST2 has been implicated as a decoy receptor, to attenuate Th2 inflammatory responses. The relevance of both molecules in hepatic failure is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The trial was a prospective preliminary study in a university hospital surgical ICU; 11 patients with acute liver failure (ALF) and 12 patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), who were admitted to the ICU; 14 patients with chronic hepatic failure (CHF) awaiting liver transplantation; 13 healthy individuals served as controls. IL-33 and soluble ST2 concentrations were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The concentration of IL-33 and soluble ST2 was significantly higher in ALF, ACLF, and CHF patients compared with the controls. Soluble ST2 serum concentration was significantly elevated in ALF and ACLF compared with CHF; moreover, soluble ST2 was significantly higher in CHF compared with healthy controls. IL-33 and soluble ST2 serum levels correlated significantly (r = 0.6117, P < 0.0001). Moreover, there was a correlation between IL-33 serum levels and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in CHF, ALF, and ACLF patients (r = 0.4321, P = 0.0171). CONCLUSION: Our data provide evidence for elevated levels of IL-33 and soluble ST2 in liver failure, which could a sign of immune hyperactivation, and/or a mechanism to down-regulate inflammation. Especially, soluble ST2 maybe useful to discern acute from chronic hepatic failure or to monitor the course and the severity of the disease.
BACKGROUND:IL-33, a member of the IL-1 family, induces the production of pro-inflammatory and Th2-associated cytokines and may also serve as an 'alarmin' similar to HMGB1. Soluble ST2 has been implicated as a decoy receptor, to attenuate Th2 inflammatory responses. The relevance of both molecules in hepatic failure is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The trial was a prospective preliminary study in a university hospital surgical ICU; 11 patients with acute liver failure (ALF) and 12 patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), who were admitted to the ICU; 14 patients with chronic hepatic failure (CHF) awaiting liver transplantation; 13 healthy individuals served as controls. IL-33 and soluble ST2 concentrations were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The concentration of IL-33 and soluble ST2 was significantly higher in ALF, ACLF, and CHFpatients compared with the controls. Soluble ST2 serum concentration was significantly elevated in ALF and ACLF compared with CHF; moreover, soluble ST2 was significantly higher in CHF compared with healthy controls. IL-33 and soluble ST2 serum levels correlated significantly (r = 0.6117, P < 0.0001). Moreover, there was a correlation between IL-33 serum levels and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in CHF, ALF, and ACLF patients (r = 0.4321, P = 0.0171). CONCLUSION: Our data provide evidence for elevated levels of IL-33 and soluble ST2 in liver failure, which could a sign of immune hyperactivation, and/or a mechanism to down-regulate inflammation. Especially, soluble ST2 maybe useful to discern acute from chronic hepatic failure or to monitor the course and the severity of the disease.
Authors: Hamza O Yazdani; Hui-Wei Chen; Samer Tohme; Sheng Tai; Dirk J van der Windt; Patricia Loughran; Brian R Rosborough; Vikas Sud; Donna Beer-Stolz; Heth R Turnquist; Allan Tsung; Hai Huang Journal: J Hepatol Date: 2017-09-21 Impact factor: 25.083
Authors: Merylin Cottagiri; Maeva Nyandjo; Matthew Stephens; Joel J Mantilla; Hirohisa Saito; Ian R Mackay; Noel R Rose; Dolores B Njoku Journal: Cell Mol Immunol Date: 2018-07-20 Impact factor: 11.530