OBJECTIVE:Hormone therapy has been shown to reduce markers of vascular inflammation in . C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of generalized inflammation, is raised by oral estradiol therapy (ET). It is not known how sex hormone concentrations relate to the markers of inflammation in postmenopausal women taking or not taking hormone therapy. METHODS: This observational study includes postmenopausal women participating in the Estrogen in the Prevention of Atherosclerosis Trial. Multiple measures of serum sex hormone and sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG) levels from 107 postmenopausal women taking oral ET and 109 takingplacebo for 2 years were correlated with markers of inflammation over the same time period using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS:Levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were significantly inversely associated with estrone(P = 0.05), total and free estradiol (P = 0.008 and 0.02, respectively), and SHBG (P = 0.03) only among oral ET users. Serum homocysteine levels were also inversely associated with estrone (P = 0.001) and total and free estradiol (P = 0.0006 and 0.0009, respectively) in ET-treated women only. No such associations were observed among women taking placebo. CRP was positively associated with estrogens and SHBG among women taking oral ET but inversely associated with SHBG among the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: The inverse associations of estrogens with soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and homocysteine support an anti-inflammatory property of estrogen, which was observed only at pharmacological levels in postmenopausal women. The positive associations between estrogens and CRP in the ET-treated women can be explained by the first-pass hepatic effect rather than a proinflammatory response.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: Hormone therapy has been shown to reduce markers of vascular inflammation in . C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of generalized inflammation, is raised by oral estradiol therapy (ET). It is not known how sex hormone concentrations relate to the markers of inflammation in postmenopausal women taking or not taking hormone therapy. METHODS: This observational study includes postmenopausal women participating in the Estrogen in the Prevention of Atherosclerosis Trial. Multiple measures of serum sex hormone and sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG) levels from 107 postmenopausal women taking oral ET and 109 taking placebo for 2 years were correlated with markers of inflammation over the same time period using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: Levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were significantly inversely associated with estrone(P = 0.05), total and free estradiol (P = 0.008 and 0.02, respectively), and SHBG (P = 0.03) only among oral ET users. Serum homocysteine levels were also inversely associated with estrone (P = 0.001) and total and free estradiol (P = 0.0006 and 0.0009, respectively) in ET-treated women only. No such associations were observed among women taking placebo. CRP was positively associated with estrogens and SHBG among women taking oral ET but inversely associated with SHBG among the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: The inverse associations of estrogens with soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and homocysteine support an anti-inflammatory property of estrogen, which was observed only at pharmacological levels in postmenopausal women. The positive associations between estrogens and CRP in the ET-treated women can be explained by the first-pass hepatic effect rather than a proinflammatory response.
Authors: C Crandall; S Palla; B Reboussin; P Hu; E Barrett-Connor; D Reuben; G Greendale Journal: J Womens Health (Larchmt) Date: 2006 Jan-Feb Impact factor: 2.681
Authors: MaryFran R Sowers; Mary Jannausch; John F Randolph; Daniel McConnell; Roderick Little; Bill Lasley; Richard Pasternak; Kim Sutton-Tyrrell; Karen A Matthews Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2005-08-09 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: M Cushman; C Legault; E Barrett-Connor; M L Stefanick; C Kessler; H L Judd; P A Sakkinen; R P Tracy Journal: Circulation Date: 1999-08-17 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: S J Hwang; C M Ballantyne; A R Sharrett; L C Smith; C E Davis; A M Gotto; E Boerwinkle Journal: Circulation Date: 1997-12-16 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Ronald C Eldridge; Nicolas Wentzensen; Ruth M Pfeiffer; Louise A Brinton; Patricia Hartge; Chantal Guillemette; Troy J Kemp; Ligia A Pinto; Britton Trabert Journal: Cancer Causes Control Date: 2020-02-25 Impact factor: 2.506
Authors: Britton Trabert; Ronald C Eldridge; Ruth M Pfeiffer; Meredith S Shiels; Troy J Kemp; Chantal Guillemette; Patricia Hartge; Mark E Sherman; Louise A Brinton; Amanda Black; Anil K Chaturvedi; Allan Hildesheim; Sonja I Berndt; Mahboobeh Safaeian; Ligia Pinto; Nicolas Wentzensen Journal: Int J Cancer Date: 2016-11-07 Impact factor: 7.396
Authors: Olivia R Henry; Hamed Benghuzzi; Herman A Taylor; Michelle Tucci; Kenneth Butler; Lynne Jones Journal: Am J Med Sci Date: 2012-08 Impact factor: 2.378
Authors: William R Swindell; Andrew Johnston; Liou Sun; Xianying Xing; Gary J Fisher; Martha L Bulyk; James T Elder; Johann E Gudjonsson Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-03-07 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Ditte-Marie Bretler; Peter Riis Hansen; Jesper Lindhardsen; Ole Ahlehoff; Charlotte Andersson; Thomas Bo Jensen; Jakob Raunsø; Christian Torp-Pedersen; Gunnar Hilmar Gislason Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-12-17 Impact factor: 3.240