The requirement for smart catheters for advanced endovascular applications.

Endovascular techniques are well established in minimally invasive vascular surgery. Stent-graft technology is evolving. This will allow more complex aortic pathology to be treated. Current limitations in this equipment include the reliance on selective catheters along with trial and error to cannulate visceral or aortic arch branch vessels. This can lead to prolonged operations with increased radiation and contrast load to the patient with inevitable increase in peri-operative morbidity. A smart catheter that could expedite target vessel catheterization, minimize repeat catheter changes, and provide greater haptic feedback would enhance the endovascular surgeon's armamentarium. This would lead to broader and safer application of endovascular surgery.