Literature DB >> 20607012

Cellular phone and germ cell: A comment.

Viroj Wiwanitkit1.   

Abstract

Entities:  

Year:  2010        PMID: 20607012      PMCID: PMC2890913          DOI: 10.4103/0974-1208.63126

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Hum Reprod Sci        ISSN: 1998-4766


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Sir, The cellular phone is a widely used tool at present. The interesting question is whether cellular phone has any effects on germ cell. Basically, the effect of cellular phone on health is believed to due to microwave emitted from the phone. The effect of microwave from cellular phone on germ cell is a controversial issue.[12] The topic on health effect of cellular phone is of present interest.[3] Röösli et al. recommended that “a precautionary approach when dealing with radio and microwave frequency radiation is recommended for the individual and the general population.”[4] In this short paper, the author hereby briefly summarizes and comments on the recent reports on the effect of cellular phone on germ cell. Focusing on the effect of cellular phone on ovary, according to the literature search, there is only one experimental report on this topic published by Gul et al.[1] They reached the conclusion that “microwaves of mobile phones might decrease the number of follicles in rats by several known and, no doubt, countless unknown mechanisms.”[1] There are some important considerations on the results of this work. First, this work had no matched control group and uses few numbers of subjects that might lead to some statistical unreliability. Second, the problem of preanalytical interference can be expected. It should be noted that the author did not monitor the background environmental microwave from external sources in the setting and also did not monitor this during the experiment. Third, whether they detected decreased number of the follicle is a physiological change of the rat during its estrous cycle is not well proved. Focusing on the effect of cellular phone on testes, there are many reports on the effect of cellular phone on testicular cell. Effect of cellular phone on mammalian cells and sperm DNA as well as its effect on apoptosis is still controversial.[5] In an experimental study, microwaves emitted from a cell phone did not affect the testes of the studied rats.[2] However, similar criticisms on this kind of experiment as earlier discussed should be noted. For human model, Hardell et al. reported on null correlation between exposure to cellular phone and testicular cancer in their case control study.[6] However, there are many recent reports on in vitro studies pointing to the possible effect of cellular phone on human spermatozoa.[7-10] De Iuliis et al. reported that radiation from cellular phone might induce reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in human spermatozoa in vitro.[7] Agarwal et al. also observed similar findings in their in vitro study and proposed that “keeping the cell phone in a trouser pocket in talk mode may negatively affect spermatozoa and impair male fertility.”[8] A decrease in the percentage of sperm cells in vital progressing motility in the semen relating to frequency of using mobile phones was also reported by Wdowiak et al.[9] However, these in vitro studies usually depend on small number of tested samples. This makes the limited implication of the results. In conclusion, effect of cellular phone on the germ cell is still a myth. The previous reports usually pose some problems implying the need for further well-controlled studies for clarification on this topic.
  10 in total

1.  Whole body exposure of rats to microwaves emitted from a cell phone does not affect the testes.

Authors:  Suleyman Dasdag; M Zulkuf Akdag; Feyzan Aksen; Fahri Yilmaz; Mehmet Bashan; M Mutlu Dasdag; M Salih Celik
Journal:  Bioelectromagnetics       Date:  2003-04       Impact factor: 2.010

2.  Cellular radio telecommunication for health care: benefits and risks.

Authors:  Charles A Sneiderman; Michael J Ackerman
Journal:  J Am Med Inform Assoc       Date:  2004-08-06       Impact factor: 4.497

3.  Use of cellular and cordless telephones and risk of testicular cancer.

Authors:  L Hardell; M Carlberg; C-G Ohlson; H Westberg; M Eriksson; K Hansson Mild
Journal:  Int J Androl       Date:  2006-12-20

Review 4.  Cell phones and male infertility: dissecting the relationship.

Authors:  Fnu Deepinder; Kartikeya Makker; Ashok Agarwal
Journal:  Reprod Biomed Online       Date:  2007-09       Impact factor: 3.828

5.  Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves (RF-EMW) from cellular phones on human ejaculated semen: an in vitro pilot study.

Authors:  Ashok Agarwal; Nisarg R Desai; Kartikeya Makker; Alex Varghese; Rand Mouradi; Edmund Sabanegh; Rakesh Sharma
Journal:  Fertil Steril       Date:  2008-09-20       Impact factor: 7.329

Review 6.  [Radio and microwave frequency radiation and health--an analysis of the literature].

Authors:  M Röösli; R Rapp; C Braun-Fahrländer
Journal:  Gesundheitswesen       Date:  2003-06

7.  Evaluation of the effect of using mobile phones on male fertility.

Authors:  Artur Wdowiak; Leszek Wdowiak; Henryk Wiktor
Journal:  Ann Agric Environ Med       Date:  2007       Impact factor: 1.447

8.  The effects of microwave emitted by cellular phones on ovarian follicles in rats.

Authors:  Abdulaziz Gul; Hacer Celebi; Serdar Uğraş
Journal:  Arch Gynecol Obstet       Date:  2009-02-25       Impact factor: 2.344

9.  Mobile phone radiation induces reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in human spermatozoa in vitro.

Authors:  Geoffry N De Iuliis; Rhiannon J Newey; Bruce V King; R John Aitken
Journal:  PLoS One       Date:  2009-07-31       Impact factor: 3.240

Review 10.  Pathophysiology of cell phone radiation: oxidative stress and carcinogenesis with focus on male reproductive system.

Authors:  Nisarg R Desai; Kavindra K Kesari; Ashok Agarwal
Journal:  Reprod Biol Endocrinol       Date:  2009-10-22       Impact factor: 5.211

  10 in total
  1 in total

1.  Radiofrequency radiation and human ferritin.

Authors:  Viroj Wiwanitkit
Journal:  J Med Signals Sens       Date:  2013-01
  1 in total

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