Fatal Aspergillus flavus infection in a neonate.

Aspergillosis is an uncommon perinatal infection diagnosed with increasing frequency in recent years. We report a premature infant who required both nutrition and ventilation artificially assisted and developed a disseminated invasive nosocomial infection from Aspergillus flavus. Autopsy revealed marked hypotrophy of the thymus and multisystem invasive aspergillosis chiefly involving the vascular and alimentary systems and also the respiratory tract, the central nervous system, and the skin. From what we know, this is the first case of the literature with a misleading initial clinical presentation involving the alimentary tract (hepatomegaly, ingravescent cholestatic icterus) and evolving in intestinal occlusion.