BACKGROUND: The ultimate goal of organ transplantation is the reestablishment of organ function and the restoration of a solid immunity to prevent the assault of potentially deadly pathogens. T cell immunity is crucial in controlling cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. It is still unknown how preexisting antiviral T cell levels, prophylaxis, or preemptive antiviral strategies and pharmacological conditioning affect immune reconstitution. METHODS: Seventy preemptively treated CMV-seropositive recipients, 13 prophylaxis-treated CMV-seronegative recipients of seropositive donor transplants, 2 seropositive recipients of seronegative donor kidneys, and 27 pretransplant subjects were enrolled in a cross-sectional study and analyzed for CMV viremia (DNAemia) and CMV-specific T cell response (interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot assay) before transplantation and at 30, 60, 90, 180, and 360 days after transplantation. RESULTS: CMV-seropositive transplant recipients displayed a progressive but heterogeneous pattern of immune reconstitution starting from day 60 after transplantation. CMV-seronegative recipients did not mount a detectable T cell response throughout the prophylaxis regimen. A single episode of CMV viremia (CMV copy number, 7000-170,000 copies/mL) was sufficient to prime a protective T cell immune response in CMV-seronegative recipients. Antithymocyte globulin treatment did not significantly affect CMV-specific T cell response. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline immunity, antiviral therapy but not antithymocyte globulin treatments profoundly influence T cell reconstitution in kidney transplant recipients.
BACKGROUND: The ultimate goal of organ transplantation is the reestablishment of organ function and the restoration of a solid immunity to prevent the assault of potentially deadly pathogens. T cell immunity is crucial in controlling cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. It is still unknown how preexisting antiviral T cell levels, prophylaxis, or preemptive antiviral strategies and pharmacological conditioning affect immune reconstitution. METHODS: Seventy preemptively treated CMV-seropositive recipients, 13 prophylaxis-treated CMV-seronegative recipients of seropositive donor transplants, 2 seropositive recipients of seronegative donor kidneys, and 27 pretransplant subjects were enrolled in a cross-sectional study and analyzed for CMV viremia (DNAemia) and CMV-specific T cell response (interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot assay) before transplantation and at 30, 60, 90, 180, and 360 days after transplantation. RESULTS: CMV-seropositive transplant recipients displayed a progressive but heterogeneous pattern of immune reconstitution starting from day 60 after transplantation. CMV-seronegative recipients did not mount a detectable T cell response throughout the prophylaxis regimen. A single episode of CMV viremia (CMV copy number, 7000-170,000 copies/mL) was sufficient to prime a protective T cell immune response in CMV-seronegative recipients. Antithymocyte globulin treatment did not significantly affect CMV-specific T cell response. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline immunity, antiviral therapy but not antithymocyte globulin treatments profoundly influence T cell reconstitution in kidney transplant recipients.
Authors: L E Higdon; J Trofe-Clark; S Liu; K B Margulies; M K Sahoo; E Blumberg; B A Pinsky; J S Maltzman Journal: Am J Transplant Date: 2017-03-13 Impact factor: 8.086
Authors: Julie H Ishida; Anita Patel; Aneesh K Mehta; Philippe Gatault; Jacqueline M McBride; Tracy Burgess; Michael A Derby; David R Snydman; Brinda Emu; Becket Feierbach; Ashley E Fouts; Mauricio Maia; Rong Deng; Carrie M Rosenberger; Lynn A Gennaro; Natalee S Striano; X Charlene Liao; Jorge A Tavel Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2017-01-24 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Danniel Zamora; Elizabeth M Krantz; Margaret L Green; Laurel Joncas-Schronce; Rachel Blazevic; Bradley C Edmison; Meei-Li Huang; Terry Stevens-Ayers; Keith R Jerome; Adam P Geballe; Michael Boeckh Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2020-04-07 Impact factor: 5.226