Hemoglobin potentiates oxidant injury in isolated rat lungs.

Isolated perfused rat lungs were subjected to oxidant injury induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-buOOH), which caused a significant increase in capillary permeability as assessed by the change in the capillary filtration coefficient. t-buOOH caused an increase in the change in the capillary filtration coefficient (delta Kfc) of 0.27 +/- 0.05 ml.min.cmH2O-1.100 g lung tissue-1 (mean +/- SE) that was accompanied by an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive products of lipid peroxidation in the lung perfusate. The addition of hemoglobin to the perfusate potentiated t-buOOH-induced lung injury as evidenced by a significantly greater (P = 0.007) delta Kfc of 0.43 +/- 0.05. t-buOOH also caused hemoglobin to release large quantities of free iron in vitro. The potentiation of t-buOOH-induced lung injury by hemoglobin was prevented by apotransferrin as evidenced by a significant reduction (P = 0.001) in delta Kfc to 0.13 +/- 0.02. No statistically significant (P greater than 0.05) changes in segmental resistances or pulmonary vascular pressures occurred in any of the lungs injured with t-buOOH when compared with time controls. These results demonstrate that t-buOOH causes an oxidant injury in isolated rat lungs that can be potentiated by free iron released from hemoglobin.