Richard A Spritz1. 1. Human Medical Genetics Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80113, USA. richard.spritz@ucdenver.edu
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Generalized vitiligo is an autoimmune disease of skin pigmentation that is associated with increased prevalence of other autoimmune diseases, particularly autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD; principally Hashimoto's disease and Graves' disease), both in vitiligo patients and their close relatives, suggesting a heritable predisposition involving, in part, shared susceptibility genes. SUMMARY: This review summarizes current knowledge of vitiligo epidemiology and genetics, highlighting recent findings from genome-wide approaches to disease gene identification, emphasizing susceptibility loci shared with other autoimmune diseases, particularly AITD, as well as some important differences. CONCLUSIONS: Inherited susceptibility to generalized vitiligo involves a number of specific genes, many of which are shared with other autoimmune diseases that are epidemiologically associated with vitiligo, including AITD, confirming a longstanding hypothesis about the genetic basis of these disorders. These genes provide potential therapeutic targets for novel approaches to treatment as well as for approaches to presymptomatic diagnosis and disease prevention in individuals with inherited susceptibility to this group of autoimmune diseases.
BACKGROUND: Generalized vitiligo is an autoimmune disease of skin pigmentation that is associated with increased prevalence of other autoimmune diseases, particularly autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD; principally Hashimoto's disease and Graves' disease), both in vitiligo patients and their close relatives, suggesting a heritable predisposition involving, in part, shared susceptibility genes. SUMMARY: This review summarizes current knowledge of vitiligo epidemiology and genetics, highlighting recent findings from genome-wide approaches to disease gene identification, emphasizing susceptibility loci shared with other autoimmune diseases, particularly AITD, as well as some important differences. CONCLUSIONS: Inherited susceptibility to generalized vitiligo involves a number of specific genes, many of which are shared with other autoimmune diseases that are epidemiologically associated with vitiligo, including AITD, confirming a longstanding hypothesis about the genetic basis of these disorders. These genes provide potential therapeutic targets for novel approaches to treatment as well as for approaches to presymptomatic diagnosis and disease prevention in individuals with inherited susceptibility to this group of autoimmune diseases.
Authors: Naresh C Laddha; Mitesh Dwivedi; E M Shajil; Hiral Prajapati; Y S Marfatia; Rasheedunnisa Begum Journal: J Dermatol Sci Date: 2007-11-26 Impact factor: 4.563
Authors: Sara Strömberg; Marcus Gry Björklund; Anna Asplund; Rebecca Rimini; Joakim Lundeberg; Peter Nilsson; Fredrik Pontén; Mats J Olsson Journal: Pigment Cell Melanoma Res Date: 2008-04 Impact factor: 4.693
Authors: Paul R Burton; David G Clayton; Lon R Cardon; Nick Craddock; Panos Deloukas; Audrey Duncanson; Dominic P Kwiatkowski; Mark I McCarthy; Willem H Ouwehand; Nilesh J Samani; John A Todd; Peter Donnelly; Jeffrey C Barrett; Dan Davison; Doug Easton; David M Evans; Hin-Tak Leung; Jonathan L Marchini; Andrew P Morris; Chris C A Spencer; Martin D Tobin; Antony P Attwood; James P Boorman; Barbara Cant; Ursula Everson; Judith M Hussey; Jennifer D Jolley; Alexandra S Knight; Kerstin Koch; Elizabeth Meech; Sarah Nutland; Christopher V Prowse; Helen E Stevens; Niall C Taylor; Graham R Walters; Neil M Walker; Nicholas A Watkins; Thilo Winzer; Richard W Jones; Wendy L McArdle; Susan M Ring; David P Strachan; Marcus Pembrey; Gerome Breen; David St Clair; Sian Caesar; Katharine Gordon-Smith; Lisa Jones; Christine Fraser; Elaine K Green; Detelina Grozeva; Marian L Hamshere; Peter A Holmans; Ian R Jones; George Kirov; Valentina Moskivina; Ivan Nikolov; Michael C O'Donovan; Michael J Owen; David A Collier; Amanda Elkin; Anne Farmer; Richard Williamson; Peter McGuffin; Allan H Young; I Nicol Ferrier; Stephen G Ball; Anthony J Balmforth; Jennifer H Barrett; Timothy D Bishop; Mark M Iles; Azhar Maqbool; Nadira Yuldasheva; Alistair S Hall; Peter S Braund; Richard J Dixon; Massimo Mangino; Suzanne Stevens; John R Thompson; Francesca Bredin; Mark Tremelling; Miles Parkes; Hazel Drummond; Charles W Lees; Elaine R Nimmo; Jack Satsangi; Sheila A Fisher; Alastair Forbes; Cathryn M Lewis; Clive M Onnie; Natalie J Prescott; Jeremy Sanderson; Christopher G Matthew; Jamie Barbour; M Khalid Mohiuddin; Catherine E Todhunter; John C Mansfield; Tariq Ahmad; Fraser R Cummings; Derek P Jewell; John Webster; Morris J Brown; Mark G Lathrop; John Connell; Anna Dominiczak; Carolina A Braga Marcano; Beverley Burke; Richard Dobson; Johannie Gungadoo; Kate L Lee; Patricia B Munroe; Stephen J Newhouse; Abiodun Onipinla; Chris Wallace; Mingzhan Xue; Mark Caulfield; Martin Farrall; Anne Barton; Ian N Bruce; Hannah Donovan; Steve Eyre; Paul D Gilbert; Samantha L Hilder; Anne M Hinks; Sally L John; Catherine Potter; Alan J Silman; Deborah P M Symmons; Wendy Thomson; Jane Worthington; David B Dunger; Barry Widmer; Timothy M Frayling; Rachel M Freathy; Hana Lango; John R B Perry; Beverley M Shields; Michael N Weedon; Andrew T Hattersley; Graham A Hitman; Mark Walker; Kate S Elliott; Christopher J Groves; Cecilia M Lindgren; Nigel W Rayner; Nicolas J Timpson; Eleftheria Zeggini; Melanie Newport; Giorgio Sirugo; Emily Lyons; Fredrik Vannberg; Adrian V S Hill; Linda A Bradbury; Claire Farrar; Jennifer J Pointon; Paul Wordsworth; Matthew A Brown; Jayne A Franklyn; Joanne M Heward; Matthew J Simmonds; Stephen C L Gough; Sheila Seal; Michael R Stratton; Nazneen Rahman; Maria Ban; An Goris; Stephen J Sawcer; Alastair Compston; David Conway; Muminatou Jallow; Melanie Newport; Giorgio Sirugo; Kirk A Rockett; Suzannah J Bumpstead; Amy Chaney; Kate Downes; Mohammed J R Ghori; Rhian Gwilliam; Sarah E Hunt; Michael Inouye; Andrew Keniry; Emma King; Ralph McGinnis; Simon Potter; Rathi Ravindrarajah; Pamela Whittaker; Claire Widden; David Withers; Niall J Cardin; Dan Davison; Teresa Ferreira; Joanne Pereira-Gale; Ingeleif B Hallgrimsdo'ttir; Bryan N Howie; Zhan Su; Yik Ying Teo; Damjan Vukcevic; David Bentley; Matthew A Brown; Alastair Compston; Martin Farrall; Alistair S Hall; Andrew T Hattersley; Adrian V S Hill; Miles Parkes; Marcus Pembrey; Michael R Stratton; Sarah L Mitchell; Paul R Newby; Oliver J Brand; Jackie Carr-Smith; Simon H S Pearce; R McGinnis; A Keniry; P Deloukas; John D Reveille; Xiaodong Zhou; Anne-Marie Sims; Alison Dowling; Jacqueline Taylor; Tracy Doan; John C Davis; Laurie Savage; Michael M Ward; Thomas L Learch; Michael H Weisman; Mathew Brown Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2007-10-21 Impact factor: 38.330
Authors: Ulla T Schultheiss; Alexander Teumer; Marco Medici; Yong Li; Natalie Daya; Layal Chaker; Georg Homuth; Andre G Uitterlinden; Matthias Nauck; Albert Hofman; Elizabeth Selvin; Henry Völzke; Robin P Peeters; Anna Köttgen Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2015-02-26 Impact factor: 5.958