O O Obasanjo1, N Kumwenda. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Longitudinal studies face power reduction due to loss to follow up (LTFU). Bias may also arise because of differences between those who stay in the study and those who are LTFU. We studied factors associated with LTFU in a cohort of HIV seronegative and sera-positive mothers in urban Malawi. OBJECTIVE: To bridge the existing gaps by examining the factors associated with attrition. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SETTING: Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) and the Kamuzu Central Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi. SUBJECTS: One thousand three hundred and fifty three women who attended the prenatal clinic, between October 1989 and October 1990 were recruited as part of a study to determine rates and risk factors of sero-prevalence and sera-conversion of HIV-1 among this cohort. RESULTS: In this cohort study, 1353 women were enrolled at delivery and 1188 (88%) returned for the first follow-up visit at three months post-partum. Of those who returned, 177 (15%) were subsequently lost during the remaining months of follow-up. The main predictors of LTFU were younger maternal age, lower educational level of the father, HIV infection of the mother, lower birth weight of the index child and mother not being married. CONCLUSIONS: Researchers planning studies in developing countries should consider the impact of lower education and poorer infant health on study retention in developing countries.
BACKGROUND: Longitudinal studies face power reduction due to loss to follow up (LTFU). Bias may also arise because of differences between those who stay in the study and those who are LTFU. We studied factors associated with LTFU in a cohort of HIV seronegative and sera-positive mothers in urban Malawi. OBJECTIVE: To bridge the existing gaps by examining the factors associated with attrition. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SETTING: Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) and the Kamuzu Central Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi. SUBJECTS: One thousand three hundred and fifty three women who attended the prenatal clinic, between October 1989 and October 1990 were recruited as part of a study to determine rates and risk factors of sero-prevalence and sera-conversion of HIV-1 among this cohort. RESULTS: In this cohort study, 1353 women were enrolled at delivery and 1188 (88%) returned for the first follow-up visit at three months post-partum. Of those who returned, 177 (15%) were subsequently lost during the remaining months of follow-up. The main predictors of LTFU were younger maternal age, lower educational level of the father, HIV infection of the mother, lower birth weight of the index child and mother not being married. CONCLUSIONS: Researchers planning studies in developing countries should consider the impact of lower education and poorer infant health on study retention in developing countries.
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