Recent advances in the field of Salmonella Typhi vaccines.

Typhoid fever, caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, remains a significant cause of human death and disease throughout large areas of the world. Although there are currently three vaccines available against S. Typhi they have a number of significant drawbacks which drive the development of much-needed new and improved versions. Here recent advances towards such vaccines, from basic research to human trials, are discussed.