The absence of pericytes does not increase the sensitivity of tumor vasculature to vascular endothelial growth factor-A blockade.

Recent progress with therapies targeting endothelial cells has drawn attention also to the pericytes as potential target cells for antiangiogenic therapy. Published data suggest that pericytes might confer resistance to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) withdrawal in tumors. This hypothesis has been supported by experiments using tumors with reversible transgenic expression of VEGF-A as well as by individual pharmacologically targeting VEGF and platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling in endothelial cells and pericytes using receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors with different specificities. However, the RTK inhibitors applied thus far are not entirely specific to the mentioned pathways, and therefore, the effects putatively attributed to pericyte targeting might reflect other antitumor effects. Here, we have reinvestigated the putative benefits of doubly targeting endothelial cells and pericytes in the treatment of experimental tumors. For this purpose, we used two highly specific tools, the pericyte-deficient pdgfb(ret/ret) mouse and the recently developed specific anti-VEGF-A antibody G6-31, which neutralizes both murine and human VEGF-A. We generated B16, Lewis lung carcinoma, and T241 subcutaneous tumors in both pdgfb(ret/ret) and control mice and treated these mice with G6-31. Our results fail to show any improved effect of VEGF inhibition, as measured by tumor growth or decrease in vascular density, in pericyte-deficient tumors compared with controls. Our observations suggest that additional targeting of pericytes does not increase the antitumor effect already generated by anti-VEGF drugs.