BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is hypothesized to involve disordered connectivity between brain regions. Currently, there are no direct measures of brain connectivity; functional and structural connectivity used separately provide only limited insight. Simultaneous measure of anatomical and functional connectivity and its interactions allow for better understanding of schizophrenia-related alternations in brain connectivity. METHODS: Twenty-seven schizophrenia patients and 27 healthy control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging with resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. Separate functional and anatomical connectivity maps were calculated and combined for each subject. Global, regional, and voxel measures and K-means network analysis were employed to identify group differences and correlation with clinical symptoms. RESULTS: A global connectivity analysis indicated that patients had lower anatomical connectivity and lower coherence between the two imaging modalities. In schizophrenia these group differences correlated with clinical symptom severity. Although anatomical connectivity nearly uniformly decreased, functional connectivity in schizophrenia was lower for some connections (e.g., middle temporal gyrus) and higher for others (e.g., cingulate and thalamus). Within the default mode network (DMN) two separate subsystems can be identified. Schizophrenia patients showed decoupling between structural and functional connectivity that can be localized to networks originating in posterior cingulate cortex as well as in the task-positive network and one of the DMN components. CONCLUSIONS: Combining two measures of brain connectivity provides more comprehensive descriptions of altered brain connectivity underlying schizophrenia. Patients show deficits in white matter anatomy, but functional connectivity alterations are more complex. Fusion of both methods allows identification of subsystems showing both increased and decreased functional connectivity. Copyright 2010 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is hypothesized to involve disordered connectivity between brain regions. Currently, there are no direct measures of brain connectivity; functional and structural connectivity used separately provide only limited insight. Simultaneous measure of anatomical and functional connectivity and its interactions allow for better understanding of schizophrenia-related alternations in brain connectivity. METHODS: Twenty-seven schizophrenia patients and 27 healthy control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging with resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. Separate functional and anatomical connectivity maps were calculated and combined for each subject. Global, regional, and voxel measures and K-means network analysis were employed to identify group differences and correlation with clinical symptoms. RESULTS: A global connectivity analysis indicated that patients had lower anatomical connectivity and lower coherence between the two imaging modalities. In schizophrenia these group differences correlated with clinical symptom severity. Although anatomical connectivity nearly uniformly decreased, functional connectivity in schizophrenia was lower for some connections (e.g., middle temporal gyrus) and higher for others (e.g., cingulate and thalamus). Within the default mode network (DMN) two separate subsystems can be identified. Schizophrenia patients showed decoupling between structural and functional connectivity that can be localized to networks originating in posterior cingulate cortex as well as in the task-positive network and one of the DMN components. CONCLUSIONS: Combining two measures of brain connectivity provides more comprehensive descriptions of altered brain connectivity underlying schizophrenia. Patients show deficits in white matter anatomy, but functional connectivity alterations are more complex. Fusion of both methods allows identification of subsystems showing both increased and decreased functional connectivity. Copyright 2010 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Authors: Janelle L Taylor; Rebecca E Blanton; Jennifer G Levitt; Rochelle Caplan; Daniel Nobel; Arthur W Toga Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2005-03-01 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: Michael D Fox; Abraham Z Snyder; Justin L Vincent; Maurizio Corbetta; David C Van Essen; Marcus E Raichle Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2005-06-23 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Richard A A Kanaan; Jin-Suh Kim; Walter E Kaufmann; Godfrey D Pearlson; Gareth J Barker; Philip K McGuire Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2005-07-25 Impact factor: 13.382
Authors: Pritha Das; Andrew H Kemp; Gary Flynn; Anthony W F Harris; Belinda J Liddell; Thomas J Whitford; Anthony Peduto; Evian Gordon; Leanne M Williams Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2007-01-10 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: M R Solovay; M E Shenton; C Gasperetti; M Coleman; E Kestnbaum; J T Carpenter; P S Holzman Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 1986 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: Matthew J Hoptman; Babak A Ardekani; Pamela D Butler; Jay Nierenberg; Daniel C Javitt; Kelvin O Lim Journal: Neuroreport Date: 2004-11-15 Impact factor: 1.837
Authors: Abigail G Garrity; Godfrey D Pearlson; Kristen McKiernan; Dan Lloyd; Kent A Kiehl; Vince D Calhoun Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2007-03 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Devorah Segal; M Mehmet Haznedar; Erin A Hazlett; Jonathan J Entis; Randall E Newmark; Yuliya Torosjan; Jason S Schneiderman; Joseph Friedman; King-Wai Chu; Cheuk Y Tang; Monte S Buchsbaum; Patrick R Hof Journal: Neuroimage Date: 2010-01-04 Impact factor: 6.556
Authors: Jochen Kindler; Kay Jann; Philipp Homan; Martinus Hauf; Sebastian Walther; Werner Strik; Thomas Dierks; Daniela Hubl Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2013-12-10 Impact factor: 9.306
Authors: Shashwath A Meda; Gualberto Ruaño; Andreas Windemuth; Kasey O'Neil; Clifton Berwise; Sabra M Dunn; Leah E Boccaccio; Balaji Narayanan; Mohan Kocherla; Emma Sprooten; Matcheri S Keshavan; Carol A Tamminga; John A Sweeney; Brett A Clementz; Vince D Calhoun; Godfrey D Pearlson Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2014-04-28 Impact factor: 11.205