Calcium and ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats.

The effects of graded doses of ethanol on stomach mucosal damage and calcium levels were studied in rats. The influence of verapamil and/or calcium chloride on these changes was also investigated. Orally administered ethanol (20, 50 or 80% v/v) markedly decreased gastric glandular tissue calcium and it concentration dependently produced mucosal lesions. Pretreatment with verapamil (2.5 or 5 mg/kg, i.p.) dose dependently lessened glandular wall calcium levels and worsened ethanol-induced mucosal damage. Calcium chloride (50 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly prevented ethanol-induced gastric calcium depletion; it also dose dependently antagonized the damaging effect of ethanol as well as the lesion-intensifying action of verapamil. The findings that verapamil potentiated, whereas calcium chloride prevented, ethanol-induced glandular mucosal damage and tissue calcium changes indeed suggest that altered gastric cell calcium levels could be closely related to the mucosal lesions produced by ethanol in rats.