The effect of naringenin on the fate and disposition of deoxynivalenol in piglets.

This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of naringenin (NAG) on fate and dispositions of deoxynivalenol (DON) in piglets following intravenous (i.v.) administration. Three piglets (Group 1) were pretreated orally with NAG at a dosage of 25 mg/kg bw, once a day for 3 consecutive days, followed by a single i.v. injection of DON at a dosage of 1 mg/kg bw. The other three piglets (Group 2) were intravenously administered with DON at the same dosage. The level of DON in the plasma and various piglets tissues were measured using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The plasma levels of DON were higher in the NAG-untreated piglets than in the NAG-pretreated piglets at each time point. However, the plasma DON concentrations in the piglets pretreated with NAG was lower than those of NAG-untreated piglets. The elimination half-life was longer in the NAG-untreated piglets than in the piglets pretreated with NAG. The initial peak concentration, area under the curve and mean residence time were higher in the NAG-untreated piglets than in the piglets pretreated with NAG. Plasma biomarker enzyme activities were also monitored and the levels of gamma glutamyltranspeptidase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine were considerably lower in the piglets pretreated with NAG than in the NAG-untreated piglets. The toxicokinetic data and blood biochemical parameters indicate that NAG enhances the excretion of DON and reduces the opportunity for damage in piglets. Consequently, its toxicity is greater in NAG-untreated piglets than in piglets pretreated with NAG.