OBJECTIVE: Only a few of numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated a positive association between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and blood pressure (BP), despite experimental studies showing such a positive association. The association between home blood pressure (HBP) and ETS exposure was investigated in the general population. METHODS: Five hundred and seventy-nine nonsmoking Japanese women were enrolled. The participants were classified into four categories according to their responses to a self-administered questionnaire: unexposed women (non-ETS), women exposed at home [ETS(home)], at the workplace/other places [ETS(work/other)] and at home and at the workplace/other places [ETS(both)]. Variables were compared using analysis of covariance adjusted for age, marital status, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, stroke, heart disease, hyperlipidemia, alcohol intake, salt intake and activity levels. RESULTS: In participants without antihypertensive medication, systolic morning HBP in ETS(both) was 4 mmHg higher than that in non-ETS (116.8 +/- 1.01 vs. 113.1 +/- 1.08 mmHg, P = 0.02) and systolic morning HBP in ETS(home) and systolic evening HBP in ETS(both) were 3 mmHg higher than those in non-ETS (116.2 +/- 1.07 vs. 113.1 +/- 1.08 mmHg, P = 0.04; and 115.3 +/- 1.02 vs. 111.9 +/- 1.09 mmHg, P = 0.03, respectively). In participants with antihypertensive medication, ETS exposure status was not significantly associated with increased HBP levels. CONCLUSIONS: A positive association between HBP levels and ETS exposure was confirmed. HBP measurement is recommended in population-based studies investigating the effects of ETS exposure. ETS exposure may increase BP, thereby synergistically contributing to unfavorable cardiovascular outcomes along with other deleterious effects of ETS.
OBJECTIVE: Only a few of numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated a positive association between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and blood pressure (BP), despite experimental studies showing such a positive association. The association between home blood pressure (HBP) and ETS exposure was investigated in the general population. METHODS: Five hundred and seventy-nine nonsmoking Japanese women were enrolled. The participants were classified into four categories according to their responses to a self-administered questionnaire: unexposed women (non-ETS), women exposed at home [ETS(home)], at the workplace/other places [ETS(work/other)] and at home and at the workplace/other places [ETS(both)]. Variables were compared using analysis of covariance adjusted for age, marital status, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, stroke, heart disease, hyperlipidemia, alcohol intake, salt intake and activity levels. RESULTS: In participants without antihypertensive medication, systolic morning HBP in ETS(both) was 4 mmHg higher than that in non-ETS (116.8 +/- 1.01 vs. 113.1 +/- 1.08 mmHg, P = 0.02) and systolic morning HBP in ETS(home) and systolic evening HBP in ETS(both) were 3 mmHg higher than those in non-ETS (116.2 +/- 1.07 vs. 113.1 +/- 1.08 mmHg, P = 0.04; and 115.3 +/- 1.02 vs. 111.9 +/- 1.09 mmHg, P = 0.03, respectively). In participants with antihypertensive medication, ETS exposure status was not significantly associated with increased HBP levels. CONCLUSIONS: A positive association between HBP levels and ETS exposure was confirmed. HBP measurement is recommended in population-based studies investigating the effects of ETS exposure. ETS exposure may increase BP, thereby synergistically contributing to unfavorable cardiovascular outcomes along with other deleterious effects of ETS.
Authors: Wesley T O'Neal; Waqas T Qureshi; Suzanne E Judd; Leslie A McClure; Mary Cushman; Virginia J Howard; George Howard; Elsayed Z Soliman Journal: J Occup Environ Med Date: 2015-11 Impact factor: 2.162
Authors: Wieslaw A Jedrychowski; Frederica P Perera; Umberto Maugeri; John Spengler; Elzbieta Mroz; Elzbieta Flak; Laura Stigter; Renata Majewska; Irena Kaim; Agata Sowa; Ryszard Jacek Journal: Cardiovasc Toxicol Date: 2012-09 Impact factor: 3.231