OBJECTIVE: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are developmental disorders that overlap in a number of domains, sometimes complicating clinical distinction between both disorders. Although there is some evidence for a genetic overlap, there are no reports on genes that could differentiate between ASD and ADHD. Furthermore, it is not known whether this genetic overlap is influenced by co-morbid substance use disorders (SUD). METHODS: A total of 110 adult patients with ASD (n=61) or ADHD (n=49) with or without a lifetime history of SUD participated in a study in which we genotyped polymorphisms in five known candidate genes for (one of) the disorders, i.e. the 5HTTLPR in SLC6A4/5-HTT, rs1800497 (TaqIA C>T) in DRD2, rs7794745 in CNTNAP2, rs1843809 in TPH2, and rs6565113 in CDH13. Genotyping was by Taqman-based analysis or by simple sequence length analysis, where appropriate. RESULTS: ASD could be differentiated from ADHD with nominal statistical significance by the 5HTTLPR, and the polymorphisms in TPH2 and CNTNAP2. The results were independent of lifetime SUD status. CONCLUSIONS: Serotonergic genes could prove to play an important role in differentiating between ASD and ADHD, but the results of this exploratory study need replication.
OBJECTIVE:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are developmental disorders that overlap in a number of domains, sometimes complicating clinical distinction between both disorders. Although there is some evidence for a genetic overlap, there are no reports on genes that could differentiate between ASD and ADHD. Furthermore, it is not known whether this genetic overlap is influenced by co-morbid substance use disorders (SUD). METHODS: A total of 110 adult patients with ASD (n=61) or ADHD (n=49) with or without a lifetime history of SUD participated in a study in which we genotyped polymorphisms in five known candidate genes for (one of) the disorders, i.e. the 5HTTLPR in SLC6A4/5-HTT, rs1800497 (TaqIA C>T) in DRD2, rs7794745 in CNTNAP2, rs1843809 in TPH2, and rs6565113 in CDH13. Genotyping was by Taqman-based analysis or by simple sequence length analysis, where appropriate. RESULTS:ASD could be differentiated from ADHD with nominal statistical significance by the 5HTTLPR, and the polymorphisms in TPH2 and CNTNAP2. The results were independent of lifetime SUD status. CONCLUSIONS: Serotonergic genes could prove to play an important role in differentiating between ASD and ADHD, but the results of this exploratory study need replication.
Authors: J Tiihonen; M-R Rautiainen; H M Ollila; E Repo-Tiihonen; M Virkkunen; A Palotie; O Pietiläinen; K Kristiansson; M Joukamaa; H Lauerma; J Saarela; S Tyni; H Vartiainen; J Paananen; D Goldman; T Paunio Journal: Mol Psychiatry Date: 2014-10-28 Impact factor: 15.992
Authors: Olga Varea; Maria Dolores Martin-de-Saavedra; Katherine J Kopeikina; Britta Schürmann; Hunter J Fleming; Jessica M Fawcett-Patel; Anthony Bach; Seil Jang; Elior Peles; Eunjoon Kim; Peter Penzes Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2015-04-27 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Kenneth D Gadow; Carla J DeVincent; Victoria I Siegal; Doreen M Olvet; Saniya Kibria; Sarah F Kirsch; Eli Hatchwell Journal: Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry Date: 2012-10-31 Impact factor: 5.067
Authors: B Franke; S V Faraone; P Asherson; J Buitelaar; C H D Bau; J A Ramos-Quiroga; E Mick; E H Grevet; S Johansson; J Haavik; K-P Lesch; B Cormand; A Reif Journal: Mol Psychiatry Date: 2011-11-22 Impact factor: 15.992