OBJECTIVES: We prospectively and longitudinally determined the effects of smoking on the progression of arterial stiffening as well as the involvement of inflammation in this process. BACKGROUND: Smoking is an important avoidable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and arterial stiffness might be involved in the pathophysiology. No prospective study has examined the effect of continuous smoking on the age-associated progression of arterial stiffening. METHODS: In 2,054 Japanese subjects (40 +/- 8 years of age), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured at the baseline and the end of a 5- to 6-year follow-up period. RESULTS: The annual rate of change of the baPWV during the study period was significantly greater in the continuous heavy smokers (11.0 +/- 1.9 cm/s/year, n = 181) than in the never-smokers (5.5 +/- 0.6 cm/s/year, n = 1,018). This difference remained significant even after adjustments for covariates, including age (p < 0.05). In continuous smokers (n = 493), the mean number of cigarettes smoked/day during the study period showed a significant relationship with the changes in baPWV. No significant relationship was found between the change in baPWV and serum CRP levels. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous smoking might accelerate the age-associated progression of structural stiffening of the large- to middle-size arteries. We also found a dose-response relationship between cigarette consumption and accelerated arterial stiffening. However, we failed to confirm any significant association between the rate of arterial stiffening and the serum CRP levels in the smokers. Copyright 2010 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
OBJECTIVES: We prospectively and longitudinally determined the effects of smoking on the progression of arterial stiffening as well as the involvement of inflammation in this process. BACKGROUND: Smoking is an important avoidable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and arterial stiffness might be involved in the pathophysiology. No prospective study has examined the effect of continuous smoking on the age-associated progression of arterial stiffening. METHODS: In 2,054 Japanese subjects (40 +/- 8 years of age), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured at the baseline and the end of a 5- to 6-year follow-up period. RESULTS: The annual rate of change of the baPWV during the study period was significantly greater in the continuous heavy smokers (11.0 +/- 1.9 cm/s/year, n = 181) than in the never-smokers (5.5 +/- 0.6 cm/s/year, n = 1,018). This difference remained significant even after adjustments for covariates, including age (p < 0.05). In continuous smokers (n = 493), the mean number of cigarettes smoked/day during the study period showed a significant relationship with the changes in baPWV. No significant relationship was found between the change in baPWV and serum CRP levels. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous smoking might accelerate the age-associated progression of structural stiffening of the large- to middle-size arteries. We also found a dose-response relationship between cigarette consumption and accelerated arterial stiffening. However, we failed to confirm any significant association between the rate of arterial stiffening and the serum CRP levels in the smokers. Copyright 2010 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Authors: N E Moyen; M S Ganio; J M Burchfield; M A Tucker; M A Gonzalez; E K Dougherty; F B Robinson; C B Ridings; J C Veilleux Journal: Int J Biometeorol Date: 2015-08-13 Impact factor: 3.787
Authors: Sarah Rajkumar; Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss; Gregory A Wellenius; Georg F Bauer; Cong Khanh Huynh; Alexander Moeller; Martin Röösli Journal: Int J Public Health Date: 2014-02-07 Impact factor: 3.380
Authors: Deepak K Gupta; Hicham Skali; Brian Claggett; Rumen Kasabov; Susan Cheng; Amil M Shah; Laura R Loehr; Gerardo Heiss; Vijay Nambi; David Aguilar; Lisa Miller Wruck; Kunihiro Matsushita; Aaron R Folsom; Wayne D Rosamond; Scott D Solomon Journal: JACC Heart Fail Date: 2014-09-03 Impact factor: 12.035