ECG spectral and morphological parameters reviewed and updated to detect adult and paediatric life-threatening arrhythmia.

Since the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation approved the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in children, efforts have been made to adapt AED algorithms designed for adult patients to detect paediatric ventricular arrhythmias accurately. In this study, we assess the performance of two spectral (A(2) and VFleak) and two morphological parameters (TCI and CM) for the detection of lethal ventricular arrhythmias using an American Heart Association (AHA) compliant database that includes adult and paediatric arrhythmias. Our objective was to evaluate how those parameters can be optimally adjusted to discriminate shockable from nonshockable rhythms in adult and paediatric patients. A total of 1473 records were analysed: 751 from 387 paediatric patients (<or=16 years of age) and 722 records from 381 adult patients. The spectral parameters showed no significant differences (p > 0.01) between the adult and paediatric patients for the shockable records; the differences for nonshockable records however were significant. Still, these parameters maintained the discrimination power when paediatric rhythms were included. A single threshold could be adjusted to obtain sensitivities and specificities above the AHA goals for the complete database. The sensitivities for ventricular fibrillation (VF) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) were 91.1% and 96.6% for VFleak, and 90.3% and 99.3% for A(2). The specificities for normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and other nonshockable rhythms were 99.5% and 96.3% for VFleak, and 99.0% and 97.7% for A(2). On the other hand, the morphological parameters showed significant differences between the adult and paediatric patients, particularly for the nonshockable records, because of the faster heart rates of the paediatric rhythms. Their performance clearly degraded with paediatric rhythms. Using a single threshold, the sensitivities and specificities were below the AHA goals, particularly VT sensitivity (60.4% for TCI and 65.8% for CM) and the specificity for other nonshockable rhythms (51.7% for TCI and 34.5% for CM). The specificities, particularly for the adult case, improve when the thresholds are independently adjusted for each adult and paediatric database.