OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of anxiety after myocardial infarction (MI) with cardiac prognosis. METHODS: A meta-analysis of references derived from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PSYCINFO (1975-March 2009) was performed without language restrictions. End point was cardiac outcome defined as all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and cardiac events. The authors selected prospective studies with at least 6 months follow-up, and anxiety had to be assessed within 3 months after MI with reliable and valid instruments. RESULTS: Twelve papers met selection criteria. These studies described follow-up (on average, 2.6 years) of 5750 patients with MI. Anxious patients were at risk of adverse events (odds ratio (OR) fixed, 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18-1.56; p < .001). Anxiety was also specifically associated with all-cause mortality (OR fixed, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.02-2.13; p = .04), cardiac mortality (OR fixed, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.03-1.47; p = .02), and new cardiac events (OR fixed, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.31-2.23; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Post-MI anxiety is associated with a 36% increased risk of adverse cardiac outcomes in bivariate analyses. Because the existing literature is small and contains several limitations, more research is needed to evaluate the association of anxiety and prognosis in patients with MI and to assess the extent to which this association is independent of clinical variables, such as disease severity, and other psychological variables, especially depression.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of anxiety after myocardial infarction (MI) with cardiac prognosis. METHODS: A meta-analysis of references derived from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PSYCINFO (1975-March 2009) was performed without language restrictions. End point was cardiac outcome defined as all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and cardiac events. The authors selected prospective studies with at least 6 months follow-up, and anxiety had to be assessed within 3 months after MI with reliable and valid instruments. RESULTS: Twelve papers met selection criteria. These studies described follow-up (on average, 2.6 years) of 5750 patients with MI. Anxious patients were at risk of adverse events (odds ratio (OR) fixed, 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18-1.56; p < .001). Anxiety was also specifically associated with all-cause mortality (OR fixed, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.02-2.13; p = .04), cardiac mortality (OR fixed, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.03-1.47; p = .02), and new cardiac events (OR fixed, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.31-2.23; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Post-MI anxiety is associated with a 36% increased risk of adverse cardiac outcomes in bivariate analyses. Because the existing literature is small and contains several limitations, more research is needed to evaluate the association of anxiety and prognosis in patients with MI and to assess the extent to which this association is independent of clinical variables, such as disease severity, and other psychological variables, especially depression.
Authors: Nicola J Paine; Lana L Watkins; James A Blumenthal; Cynthia M Kuhn; Andrew Sherwood Journal: Psychosom Med Date: 2015 Feb-Mar Impact factor: 4.312
Authors: Christina M DuBois; Oriana Vesga Lopez; Eleanor E Beale; Brian C Healy; Julia K Boehm; Jeff C Huffman Journal: Int J Cardiol Date: 2015-05-21 Impact factor: 4.164
Authors: Christopher M Celano; Ana C Villegas; Ariana M Albanese; Hanna K Gaggin; Jeff C Huffman Journal: Harv Rev Psychiatry Date: 2018 Jul/Aug Impact factor: 3.732
Authors: Ryan Saelee; Viola Vaccarino; Samaah Sullivan; Muhammad Hammadah; Amit Shah; Kobina Wilmot; Naser Abdelhadi; Lisa Elon; Pratik Pimple; Belal Kaseer; Oleksiy Levantsevych; J D Bremner; Tené T Lewis Journal: J Psychosom Res Date: 2019-07-19 Impact factor: 3.006
Authors: Judson B Williams; Karen P Alexander; Jean-François Morin; Yves Langlois; Nicolas Noiseux; Louis P Perrault; Kim Smolderen; Suzanne V Arnold; Mark J Eisenberg; Louise Pilote; Johanne Monette; Howard Bergman; Peter K Smith; Jonathan Afilalo Journal: Am J Cardiol Date: 2013-01-01 Impact factor: 2.778