Fertility in Holstein x Gyr cows in a subtropical environment after insemination with Gyr sex-sorted semen.

Breeding records, including 649 inseminations during fall and winter at a dairy farm in a subtropical area of Western Mexico (24 masculine N; 24 degrees C, mean annual temperature 24 degrees C) were analyzed to document effects of sex-sorted semen from commercial Gyr bullls, estrus synchronization protocol, inseminator, sire and environmental conditions on fertility of crossbred cows (Holstein x Gyr). Percentage of services resulting in pregnancies decreased sharply when sex-sorted semen was used (22.7 vs. 37.7%; P < 0.01). Although statistically not significant (P = 0.31), cows whose first insemination was in November experienced a numerically greater reduction (21 percentage points) in pregnancy rate compared to cows whose first insemination occurred in December. Substantial increases in services per pregnancy (4.71 +/- 1.35 vs. 2.13-2.43; P < 0.01) were associated with the warmer month of the study period, November, compared to other winter months. Pregnancy rates of cows regardless of semen category (33%) were not affected by sire, temperature-humidity index and estrus synchronization protocol. Cows inseminated by one inseminator had higher pregnancy rates (P < 0.01) than cows inseminated by other two technicians. The sorted sperm produced 91% (142/156) female offspring. It was concluded that, under the field conditions of the present study, pregnancy rate with sexed semen was 15 percentage points lower than pregnancy rates using conventional semen, with 91% of female calves derived from sexed sperm.