Colorectal cancer in the Split-Dalmatia County.

Colorectal cancer was the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the Split-Dalmatia County during the 1993-2005 period. The primary aim of this study was to analyze recent trends in the mortality caused by colorectal cancer in the Split-Dalmatia County. Secondly, the aim was also to analyze data on colorectal cancer patients operated on at Split University Hospital Center according to sex, age, localization of cancer and Dukes staging, in the period from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2004. The colorectal cancer death rate was found to be on an increase in both men and women; however, it was higher in men in both study years. The colorectal cancer death rate was also found to increase with age in both men and women. Analysis of data on patients operated on for colorectal cancer yielded a 2:1 male to female ratio. Analysis of histopathologic staging according to Dukes produced a statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001). Dukes B or C was diagnosed in 84.3% and Dukes A in 9.3% of cases. According to cancer localization, sigmoid colon and rectum were involved 1.8 times more frequently than other sites of the colon. The data obtained in this study indicated that only 9.3% of patients were treated in the early stage of disease (Dukes A), pointing to the need of organized medical examinations for early detection of colorectal cancer in order to reduce the mortality rate associated with the disease.