Current trends in immunosuppression for lung transplantation.

Lung transplant has become an established therapy in the treatment of end-stage lung disease. Many of the advances in the modern immunosuppression regimen have provided more quality and quantity of life to transplant patients. Immunosuppression agents target various aspects of the immune system to maximize graft tolerance while minimizing medication toxicities and side effects. Lung transplant regimens follow typical protocols but are always tailored to the individual patient based upon previous and current medical problems. Despite the various advances, acute and chronic rejections still occur in the majority of all lung transplants. For these reasons, long-term lung transplantation success remains a challenge. Further improvement in immunosuppression will be geared toward minimizing rejection and infection as well as being tailored to the individual patient. This review details the current armamentarium of immunosuppression medications and the current body of evidence supporting the current trends of usage.