BACKGROUND: In exocrine pancreatic cancer (EPC) mechanistic relationships may exist among some organochlorine compounds (OCs) and mutations in the K-ras oncogene, as well as among the latter and dietary factors. OBJECTIVE: To analyze (1) the relationship between food intake and serum concentrations of OCs in EPC patients and (2) the relative influence of food and OCs on the frequency of K-ras mutations in EPC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Incident cases of EPC were prospectively identified, and interviewed face-to-face during hospital admission (N=135 patients with data on OCs and diet, and N=97 with additional information on K-ras status). OCs were measured by high-resolution gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. RESULTS: Consumption of milk and other dairy products was positively associated with concentrations of p,p'-DDT, PCB 138 and PCB 153 (log-transformed betas=0.652, 0.588 and 0.317, respectively; all p<0.05). When adjusted by OCs, dairy products were no longer associated with K-ras. By contrast, after adjusting by consumption of dairy products, patients with the highest concentrations of p,p'-DDT and some PCBs remained more likely to have a K-ras-mutated EPC than patients with lower concentrations (OR for upper tertile of PCB 138=5.5, 95% CI: 1.3-23.4). CONCLUSIONS: Dairy products were a source of OCs. The association between dairy products and K-ras mutations was not independent of OCs. By contrast, the association between OCs and K-ras was not confounded by dairy products. OCs may be more likely to contribute to the occurrence of K-ras mutations than nutrients contained in dairy products. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND: In exocrine pancreatic cancer (EPC) mechanistic relationships may exist among some organochlorine compounds (OCs) and mutations in the K-ras oncogene, as well as among the latter and dietary factors. OBJECTIVE: To analyze (1) the relationship between food intake and serum concentrations of OCs in EPC patients and (2) the relative influence of food and OCs on the frequency of K-ras mutations in EPC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Incident cases of EPC were prospectively identified, and interviewed face-to-face during hospital admission (N=135 patients with data on OCs and diet, and N=97 with additional information on K-ras status). OCs were measured by high-resolution gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. RESULTS: Consumption of milk and other dairy products was positively associated with concentrations of p,p'-DDT, PCB 138 and PCB 153 (log-transformed betas=0.652, 0.588 and 0.317, respectively; all p<0.05). When adjusted by OCs, dairy products were no longer associated with K-ras. By contrast, after adjusting by consumption of dairy products, patients with the highest concentrations of p,p'-DDT and some PCBs remained more likely to have a K-ras-mutated EPC than patients with lower concentrations (OR for upper tertile of PCB 138=5.5, 95% CI: 1.3-23.4). CONCLUSIONS: Dairy products were a source of OCs. The association between dairy products and K-ras mutations was not independent of OCs. By contrast, the association between OCs and K-ras was not confounded by dairy products. OCs may be more likely to contribute to the occurrence of K-ras mutations than nutrients contained in dairy products. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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