Musculoskeletal colour/power Doppler in sports medicine: image parameters, artefacts, image interpretation and therapy.

This review article discusses the aspects of sports medicine where musculoskeletal Doppler ultrasound has valuable contribution in diagnosis and/or treatment of some of the typical musculoskeletal sports injuries. Also, conditions where the Doppler ultrasound has no value are discussed. Some guidelines and recommendations are based on personal experience since no evidence in literature exists. The basic technical background of Doppler ultrasound and typical artefacts will be discussed, in order to understand and interpret the Doppler result. Recommendations for the Doppler settings are given in relevant sections. Ultrasound guided treatments where the Doppler result is used as a guide are mentioned and discussed.