INTRODUCTION: Postoperative ileus involves reflex inhibition of intestinal motility within hours after surgery and a subsequent intestinal inflammatory response that is characterized by efferent vagal modulation via acetylcholine receptors on intestinal macrophages. We aimed to characterize the role of vagal modulation of intestinal motility during the early hours after surgery. METHODS: C57BL6 mice underwent laparotomy and standardized small bowel manipulation to induce postoperative ileus. Subgroups were vagotomized 3-4 days prior to experiments or received pharmacological inhibition of the acetylcholine alpha7 subunit with the inhibitor alpha-bungarotoxin, while control animals were sham operated and remained otherwise untreated. Three hours later, a 2-cm jejunal segment was harvested with the mesentery attached. Mesenteric afferent nerve recordings were established in an organ bath generating a multiunit signal with subsequent computerized analysis. Intraluminal pressure was continuously recorded to assess intestinal motility. Afferent nerve responses were quantified at baseline and to chemical stimulation with bradykinin (0.5 microM) or serotonin (5-HT; 500 microM) and following mechanical stimulation by continuous ramp distension to 60 mmHg. RESULTS: Peak amplitudes of intestinal motility and afferent nerve discharge at baseline were not different following chronic vagotomy, alpha-bungarotoxin or sham operation. Maximum afferent discharge to 5-HT following alpha-bungarotoxin was comparable to sham controls, while the response was reduced in chronically vagotomized animals (p < 0.05). Maximum afferent nerve discharge to bradykinin and peak firing during maximum distension at 60 mmHg was similar in the different subgroups. At luminal distension from 10 to 30 mmHg, afferent discharge was lower in vagotomized animals compared to sham controls (p < 0.05) but unchanged after alpha-bungarotoxin. CONCLUSIONS: Sensitivity to low-threshold distension and 5-HT is mediated via vagal afferents during postoperative ileus, while sensitivity to high-threshold distension and bradykinin is independent of vagal afferent innervation. Early inhibition of intestinal motility at 3 h after onset of postoperative ileus does not appear to depend on vagal innervation.
INTRODUCTION: Postoperative ileus involves reflex inhibition of intestinal motility within hours after surgery and a subsequent intestinal inflammatory response that is characterized by efferent vagal modulation via acetylcholine receptors on intestinal macrophages. We aimed to characterize the role of vagal modulation of intestinal motility during the early hours after surgery. METHODS: C57BL6 mice underwent laparotomy and standardized small bowel manipulation to induce postoperative ileus. Subgroups were vagotomized 3-4 days prior to experiments or received pharmacological inhibition of the acetylcholine alpha7 subunit with the inhibitor alpha-bungarotoxin, while control animals were sham operated and remained otherwise untreated. Three hours later, a 2-cm jejunal segment was harvested with the mesentery attached. Mesenteric afferent nerve recordings were established in an organ bath generating a multiunit signal with subsequent computerized analysis. Intraluminal pressure was continuously recorded to assess intestinal motility. Afferent nerve responses were quantified at baseline and to chemical stimulation with bradykinin (0.5 microM) or serotonin (5-HT; 500 microM) and following mechanical stimulation by continuous ramp distension to 60 mmHg. RESULTS: Peak amplitudes of intestinal motility and afferent nerve discharge at baseline were not different following chronic vagotomy, alpha-bungarotoxin or sham operation. Maximum afferent discharge to 5-HT following alpha-bungarotoxin was comparable to sham controls, while the response was reduced in chronically vagotomized animals (p < 0.05). Maximum afferent nerve discharge to bradykinin and peak firing during maximum distension at 60 mmHg was similar in the different subgroups. At luminal distension from 10 to 30 mmHg, afferent discharge was lower in vagotomized animals compared to sham controls (p < 0.05) but unchanged after alpha-bungarotoxin. CONCLUSIONS: Sensitivity to low-threshold distension and 5-HT is mediated via vagal afferents during postoperative ileus, while sensitivity to high-threshold distension and bradykinin is independent of vagal afferent innervation. Early inhibition of intestinal motility at 3 h after onset of postoperative ileus does not appear to depend on vagal innervation.
Authors: L V Borovikova; S Ivanova; M Zhang; H Yang; G I Botchkina; L R Watkins; H Wang; N Abumrad; J W Eaton; K J Tracey Journal: Nature Date: 2000-05-25 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Frans O The; Guy E Boeckxstaens; Susanne A Snoek; Jenna L Cash; Roel Bennink; Gregory J Larosa; Rene M van den Wijngaard; David R Greaves; Wouter J de Jonge Journal: Gastroenterology Date: 2007-07-25 Impact factor: 22.682
Authors: M H Mueller; M Karpitschka; B Xue; M S Kasparek; A Sibaev; J Glatzle; M E Kreis Journal: J Gastrointest Surg Date: 2009-01-07 Impact factor: 3.452
Authors: Mario H Mueller; Joerg Glatzle; Dimitrios Kampitoglou; Michael S Kasparek; David Grundy; Martin E Kreis Journal: Ann Surg Date: 2008-05 Impact factor: 12.969
Authors: Sjoerd Hw van Bree; Andrea Nemethova; Fleur S van Bovenkamp; Pedro Gomez-Pinilla; L Elbers; Martina Di Giovangiulio; Gianluca Matteoli; Jan van Vliet; Cathy Cailotto; Michael Wt Tanck; Guy Ee Boeckxstaens Journal: Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol Date: 2012-12-26
Authors: Sen Hu; Ming-Hua Du; Hong-Min Luo; Huan Wang; Yi Lv; Li Ma; Zhi-Long Lin; Xian Shi; Ingrid Gaischek; Lu Wang; Gerhard Litscher Journal: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med Date: 2013-04-04 Impact factor: 2.629
Authors: Yong-yu Li; Ming-hua Cao; Brigitte Goetz; Chun-qiu Chen; Ya-jing Feng; Chang-Jie Chen; Michael S Kasparek; Andrej Sibaev; Martin Storr; Martin E Kreis Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-07-03 Impact factor: 3.240