Broadband reflectance and emissivity of specular and rough water surfaces.

Complex indices of refraction for water near 25 degrees C were obtained from six references, and the most representative values in the wavelength range of 2000 A to 5 cm were selected. These were used to study the polarized reflectance and emissivity of both specular and wind-roughened surfaces as functions of wavelength and viewing angle. Applications to remote sensing of sea surface temperature and wave state are discussed, including effects of salinity.