Early and late synovectomy of the knee in rheumatoid arthritis.

The results after open knee synovectomy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis were investigated in a retrospective study including 44 patients with 55 knees. Median observation time was 73 months. Early synovectomy showed significant pain-relief and improvement of knee function, effusion was reduced and range of motion was unchanged. Total knee alloplasty (TKA) was performed in one knee among the patients who underwent early synovectomy, while reoperation with TKA had been performed in 12 out of 28 knees after late synovectomy. It is concluded that early synovectomy is indicated when medical treatment has failed. Late synovectomy must be regarded as a palliative procedure in order to postpone TKA.