OBJECTIVES: To assess the nutritional status of children in a rural community with high HIV prevalence in rural Uganda and to examine the impact of HIV infection at the individual and population level. Methods Cross-sectional population-based survey of children aged 0-12 in a cohort comprising the residents of 25 neighbouring villages in rural southwest Uganda. Anthropometric indicators of nutritional status (height for age, weight for age and weight for height) were assessed in relation to children's HIV serostatus, maternal HIV serostatus and maternal vital status. Children with a Z score of <-2 were defined as undernourished, with a Z score <-2 for weight for age defining underweight, for height for age defining stunting and for weight for height defining wasting. RESULTS: Of 5951 children surveyed, 91% underwent anthropometric measurement: 30% were underweight, 42% stunted and 10% wasted. HIV seroprevalence among children aged 2-12 was 0.7%. The prevalence of underweight was significantly higher in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative children (52%vs. 30%), as was the prevalence of stunting (68%vs. 42%), but there was no significant difference in the prevalence of wasting (4%vs. 9%). There were no significant differences in the prevalences of indicators of undernutrition in children classified by maternal HIV and vital status. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic childhood undernutrition is common in this rural community. HIV infection had a direct effect in worsening children's nutritional status, but no indirect effect in terms of maternal HIV infection or maternal death. The population-level impact of childhood HIV infection on nutritional status is limited on account of the low HIV prevalence in children. The response to undernutrition in children in Africa requires action on many fronts: not only delivering community-wide HIV and nutritional interventions but also addressing the many interacting factors that contributed to childhood undernutrition before the HIV era and still do so now.
OBJECTIVES: To assess the nutritional status of children in a rural community with high HIV prevalence in rural Uganda and to examine the impact of HIV infection at the individual and population level. Methods Cross-sectional population-based survey of children aged 0-12 in a cohort comprising the residents of 25 neighbouring villages in rural southwest Uganda. Anthropometric indicators of nutritional status (height for age, weight for age and weight for height) were assessed in relation to children's HIV serostatus, maternal HIV serostatus and maternal vital status. Children with a Z score of <-2 were defined as undernourished, with a Z score <-2 for weight for age defining underweight, for height for age defining stunting and for weight for height defining wasting. RESULTS: Of 5951 children surveyed, 91% underwent anthropometric measurement: 30% were underweight, 42% stunted and 10% wasted. HIV seroprevalence among children aged 2-12 was 0.7%. The prevalence of underweight was significantly higher in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative children (52%vs. 30%), as was the prevalence of stunting (68%vs. 42%), but there was no significant difference in the prevalence of wasting (4%vs. 9%). There were no significant differences in the prevalences of indicators of undernutrition in children classified by maternal HIV and vital status. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic childhood undernutrition is common in this rural community. HIV infection had a direct effect in worsening children's nutritional status, but no indirect effect in terms of maternal HIV infection or maternal death. The population-level impact of childhood HIV infection on nutritional status is limited on account of the low HIV prevalence in children. The response to undernutrition in children in Africa requires action on many fronts: not only delivering community-wide HIV and nutritional interventions but also addressing the many interacting factors that contributed to childhood undernutrition before the HIV era and still do so now.
Authors: Gershim Asiki; Georgina Murphy; Jessica Nakiyingi-Miiro; Janet Seeley; Rebecca N Nsubuga; Alex Karabarinde; Laban Waswa; Sam Biraro; Ivan Kasamba; Cristina Pomilla; Dermot Maher; Elizabeth H Young; Anatoli Kamali; Manjinder S Sandhu Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2013-01-30 Impact factor: 7.196
Authors: T Sonia Boender; Kim C E Sigaloff; Joshua Kayiwa; Victor Musiime; Job C J Calis; Raph L Hamers; Lillian Katumba Nakatudde; Elizabeth Khauda; Andrew Mukuye; James Ditai; Sibyl P Geelen; Peter Mugyenyi; Tobias F Rinke de Wit; Cissy Kityo Journal: AIDS Res Treat Date: 2012-02-06
Authors: Megan Landes; Monique van Lettow; Adrienne K Chan; Isabell Mayuni; Erik J Schouten; Richard A Bedell Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-10-17 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Deepti Gurdasani; Tommy Carstensen; Segun Fatumo; Guanjie Chen; Chris S Franklin; Javier Prado-Martinez; Heleen Bouman; Federico Abascal; Marc Haber; Ioanna Tachmazidou; Iain Mathieson; Kenneth Ekoru; Marianne K DeGorter; Rebecca N Nsubuga; Chris Finan; Eleanor Wheeler; Li Chen; David N Cooper; Stephan Schiffels; Yuan Chen; Graham R S Ritchie; Martin O Pollard; Mary D Fortune; Alex J Mentzer; Erik Garrison; Anders Bergström; Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas; Adebowale Adeyemo; Ayo Doumatey; Heather Elding; Louise V Wain; Georg Ehret; Paul L Auer; Charles L Kooperberg; Alexander P Reiner; Nora Franceschini; Dermot Maher; Stephen B Montgomery; Carl Kadie; Chris Widmer; Yali Xue; Janet Seeley; Gershim Asiki; Anatoli Kamali; Elizabeth H Young; Cristina Pomilla; Nicole Soranzo; Eleftheria Zeggini; Fraser Pirie; Andrew P Morris; David Heckerman; Chris Tyler-Smith; Ayesha A Motala; Charles Rotimi; Pontiano Kaleebu; Inês Barroso; Manj S Sandhu Journal: Cell Date: 2019-10-31 Impact factor: 41.582