Beneficial effect of human therapeutic intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) in mercuric-chloride-induced autoimmune disease of Brown-Norway rats.

Administration of HgCl2 to the susceptible Brown-Norway (BN) strain of rats induces an autoimmune disease characterized by polyclonal B cell activation, increased serum levels of IgE and the occurrence of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-mediated glomerulonephritis. We have observed that the simultaneous administration to BN rats of normal human polyspecific immunoglobulins for therapeutic use (IVIg) with HgCl2 significantly decreased the occurrence and severity of proteinuria, and reduced serum IgE levels in diseased animals. Hypergammaglobulinaemia was potentiated in animals receiving HgCl2 and IVIg, compared with animals receiving HgCl2 alone. In vitro experiments indicated that F(ab')2 fragments from IVIg inhibited the binding to laminin of pathogenic anti-laminin antibodies from diseased rats, as did antibodies from the resistant Lewis strain of rats but not antibodies from susceptible BN rats. These observations suggest that IVIg may interfere with the immune regulatory mechanisms involved in mercury-induced autoimmune disease in an analogous fashion to the ability of IVIg to suppress the expression of certain pathological autoimmune responses in humans.