Carbendazim induces a temporary change in soil bacterial community structure.

The effect of carbendazim applications on the diversity and structure of a soil bacterial community was studied under field conditions using temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) and partial sequence analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene. After four successive introductions of carbendazim at a level of 0.94 kg active ingredient (a.i.)/ha, the genetic diversity (expressed as Shannon index, H') decreased from 1.43 in the control to 1.29 in treated soil. This harmful effect seems to increase with the concentration of carbendazim. The value of H' in the soil treated with carbendazim at 4.70 kg a.i./ha was reduced to 1.05 (P < or = 0.05). The structure of soil bacterial community was also affected after four repeated applications of carbendazim at levels of 0.94, 1.88 and 4.70 kg a.i./ha, as seen in the relative intensities of the individual band. However, the bacterial community in carbendazim-treated soil recovered to that in the control 360 d after the first treatment. The results indicated that repeated applications of carbendazim could reduce soil microbial diversity and alter the bacterial community structure temporarily.