Deciding about patients' requests for extraction: ethical and legal guidelines.

BACKGROUND: and Overview. Dentists frequently are faced with patients' requests for an extraction, sometimes of the entire dentition. In this article, the authors offer guidelines to help dentists and oral surgeons make decisions regarding such requests for extraction.
CONCLUSIONS: In most cases of patients' requesting extractions, the ethical principle of nonmaleficence will play a decisive role in the dentist's decision making. In cases in which the request appears influenced by a specific mental condition such as a phobia of dental treatment, extraction rarely is justifiable. Practice Implications. Dental professionals should keep in mind that they cannot be forced to carry out treatment that is at odds with the ethical principle of nonmaleficence or that is outside of the bounds of accepted treatment. To aid dentists in making treatment decisions in such cases, the authors present a flowchart that integrates possible considerations.