Inactivation of sestrin 2 induces TGF-beta signaling and partially rescues pulmonary emphysema in a mouse model of COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cigarette smoking has been identified as one of the major risk factors and several predisposing genetic factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD, including a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the latent transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta binding protein 4 (Ltbp4)-encoding gene. Consistent with this finding, mice with a null mutation of the short splice variant of Ltbp4 (Ltbp4S) develop pulmonary emphysema that is reminiscent of COPD. Here, we report that the mutational inactivation of the antioxidant protein sestrin 2 (sesn2) partially rescues the emphysema phenotype of Ltbp4S mice and is associated with activation of the TGF-beta and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signal transduction pathways. The results suggest that sesn2 could be clinically relevant to patients with COPD who might benefit from antagonists of sestrin function.