Regenerative treatment with platelet-rich plasma combined with a bovine-derived xenograft in smokers and non-smokers: 12-month clinical and radiographic results.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess the healing response of intrabony defects following regenerative treatment with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with a bovine-derived xenograft (BDX) in smokers and non-smokers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 24 advanced chronic periodontitis patients, 12 smokers and 12 non-smokers, with 113 intrabony defects with an intrabony component of or /=3 mm were included in this study. Defects were surgically treated with PRP/BDX. At baseline and 12 months after surgery, the following parameters were recorded: plaque and sulcus bleeding indices, probing depth (PD), relative attachment level, marginal recession, probing and radiographic bone levels.
RESULTS: Considering the soft tissue measurements, smokers and non-smokers presented a mean PD reduction of 3.97 +/- 0.76 and 4.63 +/- 0.52 mm, recession of 0.76 +/- 0.44 and 0.50 +/- 0.12 mm and attachment gain of 3.26 +/- 0.42 and 4.06 +/- 0.40 mm, respectively. Evaluation of the hard tissue findings revealed that the mean clinical and radiographic bone gains in smokers and non-smokers were 2.83 +/- 0.47 and 3.63 +/- 0.38 mm, 2.98 +/- 0.38 and 3.67 +/- 0.48 mm, respectively. Inter-group differences for PD reduction (p<0.05), attachment (p<0.001), clinical (p<0.001) and radiographic bone gains (p<0.001) were found to be significant between smokers and non-smokers.
CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this study, the results indicate that treatment outcome following PRP/BDX application in intrabony defects is impaired with smoking.