BACKGROUND: We have shown previously that in overweight premenopausal women, changes in macronutrient composition and increasing the number of steps walked per day favorably affect body composition and plasma lipid profiles. As a follow-up, we evaluated the effect of moderate carbohydrate intake and increased physical activity on inflammation and regulation of appetite. METHODS: Seventy premenopausal women with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 37 kg/m(2) participated in a 10-week weight loss intervention program consisting of the following macronutrient energy distribution: 40% carbohydrate, 30% fat, and 30% protein, in addition to a progressive increase in the number of steps taken per day. Plasma adiponectin, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), leptin, and ghrelin levels were assessed at baseline and after 10 weeks. RESULTS: Subjects reduced body weight by 4.5%, waist circumference (WC) by 6.4%, and trunk fat by 4.6%. Plasma insulin and insulin resistance assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) were reduced after 10 weeks (p < 0.01). Plasma adiponectin was increased by 11% (p < 0.05), and ICAM-1 levels were decreased (p < 0.05) after 10 weeks. A negative correlation was found between changes in insulin and changes in adiponectin between baseline and 10 weeks (r = -0.397, p < 0.01), indicating a role of adiponectin in increasing insulin sensitivity. In addition, plasma ghrelin levels were increased by 17% (p < 0.001), indicating a signal for increased appetite associated with weight loss. CONCLUSIONS: These studies indicate that weight loss interventions involving moderate changes in dietary carbohydrate and increases in physical activity favorably affect insulin sensitivity and decrease inflammation.
BACKGROUND: We have shown previously that in overweight premenopausal women, changes in macronutrient composition and increasing the number of steps walked per day favorably affect body composition and plasma lipid profiles. As a follow-up, we evaluated the effect of moderate carbohydrate intake and increased physical activity on inflammation and regulation of appetite. METHODS: Seventy premenopausal women with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 37 kg/m(2) participated in a 10-week weight loss intervention program consisting of the following macronutrient energy distribution: 40% carbohydrate, 30% fat, and 30% protein, in addition to a progressive increase in the number of steps taken per day. Plasma adiponectin, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), leptin, and ghrelin levels were assessed at baseline and after 10 weeks. RESULTS: Subjects reduced body weight by 4.5%, waist circumference (WC) by 6.4%, and trunk fat by 4.6%. Plasma insulin and insulin resistance assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) were reduced after 10 weeks (p < 0.01). Plasma adiponectin was increased by 11% (p < 0.05), and ICAM-1 levels were decreased (p < 0.05) after 10 weeks. A negative correlation was found between changes in insulin and changes in adiponectin between baseline and 10 weeks (r = -0.397, p < 0.01), indicating a role of adiponectin in increasing insulin sensitivity. In addition, plasma ghrelin levels were increased by 17% (p < 0.001), indicating a signal for increased appetite associated with weight loss. CONCLUSIONS: These studies indicate that weight loss interventions involving moderate changes in dietary carbohydrate and increases in physical activity favorably affect insulin sensitivity and decrease inflammation.
Authors: Stephanie M George; Marian L Neuhouser; Susan T Mayne; Melinda L Irwin; Demetrius Albanes; Mitchell H Gail; Catherine M Alfano; Leslie Bernstein; Anne McTiernan; Jill Reedy; Ashley W Smith; Cornelia M Ulrich; Rachel Ballard-Barbash Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2010-08-17 Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Adana A M Llanos; Jessica L Krok; Juan Peng; Michael L Pennell; Mara Z Vitolins; Cecilia R Degraffinreid; Electra D Paskett Journal: Horm Cancer Date: 2014-01-17 Impact factor: 3.869
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Authors: Adana Am Llanos; Jessica L Krok; Juan Peng; Michael L Pennell; Susan Olivo-Marston; Mara Z Vitolins; Cecilia R Degraffinreid; Electra D Paskett Journal: Springerplus Date: 2014-04-04
Authors: Marion Flechtner-Mors; Ulrike Thoma; Regina Wittmann; Bernhard O Boehm; Mona Mors; Jürgen M Steinacker; Uwe Schumann Journal: Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes Date: 2020-02-26 Impact factor: 3.168