Treating corneal abrasions and lacerations.

Corneal abrasions and lacerations injure the 'windshield' of the eye, exposing the patient to potential vision loss and infection. Diagnosis rests on physical examination of the eye, using fluorescein stain and a penlight; further examination with a slit lamp is often required for lacerations. Treatment of abrasions includes application of topical antibiotics and except in contact-lens users and perhaps with certain small abrasions patching the eye. Lacerations require urgent referral to an ophthalmologist, who usually repairs the defect surgically. Topical anesthetics, though effective pain relievers, should never be prescribed for home use.