Metabolic Syndromes Associated With HIV: Mitigating the Side Effects of Drug Therapy.

HIV infection and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) are associated with a variety of metabolic disorders such as AIDS wasting syndrome, cachexia, sarcopenia, metabolic dysregulation, lipodystrophy, abnormalities of serum lipids, and lactic acidosis. Adjunctive therapies (eg, diet, antilipid therapy), risk-factor modification (eg, smoking cessation, blood pressure control), aerobic exercise, and anabolic treatments can be used to mitigate the effects of HIV infection and the adverse effects of HAART, thereby improving long-term health in individuals infected with HIV.