[Pelvic actinomycosis: a misleading picture].

Pelvic actinomycosis is a rare chronic suppurative granulomatous disease associated with an intrauterine contraceptive device. Next pelvic organs can be affected but also more distant organs, to lead to different clinical situations. The diagnosis is therefore often difficult. We report here the case of a woman who presents a particular extensive pelvic actinomycosis diagnosed after surgical treatment with important morbidity. This case shows the interest of evoking the diagnosis in an evocative clinical context, doing the necessary exams to confirm the hypothesis, favouring medical treatment and reserving surgical treatment for particular situations. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.