BACKGROUND: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation has been reported in bipolar disorder (BD), but previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of pituitary gland volume in BD have yielded inconsistent findings. In addition, the contribution of genetic factors to the pituitary changes in BD remains largely unknown. METHOD: We used MRI to investigate the pituitary volume in 29 remitted patients with BD, 49 of their first-degree relatives (of whom 15 had a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder), and 52 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. RESULTS: BD patients had a significantly larger pituitary volume compared with their relatives and healthy controls. Pituitary volume did not differ between controls and healthy relatives or relatives diagnosed with major depression. LIMITATIONS: Direct measures of HPA function (i.e., hormonal levels) were not available. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that enlarged pituitary volume is associated with disease expression but not genetic susceptibility to BD. Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
BACKGROUND:Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation has been reported in bipolar disorder (BD), but previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of pituitary gland volume in BD have yielded inconsistent findings. In addition, the contribution of genetic factors to the pituitary changes in BD remains largely unknown. METHOD: We used MRI to investigate the pituitary volume in 29 remitted patients with BD, 49 of their first-degree relatives (of whom 15 had a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder), and 52 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. RESULTS: BD patients had a significantly larger pituitary volume compared with their relatives and healthy controls. Pituitary volume did not differ between controls and healthy relatives or relatives diagnosed with major depression. LIMITATIONS: Direct measures of HPA function (i.e., hormonal levels) were not available. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that enlarged pituitary volume is associated with disease expression but not genetic susceptibility to BD. Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Authors: Moogeh Baharnoori; Cali Bartholomeusz; Aurelie A Boucher; Lisa Buchy; Christopher Chaddock; Bonga Chiliza; Melanie Föcking; Alex Fornito; Juan A Gallego; Hiroaki Hori; Gisele Huf; Gul A Jabbar; Shi Hyun Kang; Yousri El Kissi; Jessica Merchán-Naranjo; Gemma Modinos; Nashaat A M Abdel-Fadeel; Anna-Karin Neubeck; Hsiao Piau Ng; Gabriela Novak; Olasunmbo O Owolabi; Diana P Prata; Naren P Rao; Igor Riecansky; Darryl C Smith; Renan P Souza; Renate Thienel; Hanan D Trotman; Hiroyuki Uchida; Kristen A Woodberry; Anne O'Shea; Lynn E DeLisi Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2010-10-08 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: Rafael O'Halloran; Brian H Kopell; Emma Sprooten; Wayne K Goodman; Sophia Frangou Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2016-04-19 Impact factor: 4.157