The role of frontal dysfunction in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Among diverse populations concerning the etiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), frontal dysfunction remains strong. The influences of frontal systems on attention, particularly the elements of higher mental control postulated as prefrontal functions, are illustrated through presentation of a number of syndromes of abnormal mental awareness associated with prefrontal brain damage. Against this background, a theory explaining part (but not all) of the problem seen in ADHD children is postulated, and a firm stand for prefrontal dysfunction as one element in the disorder is presented.