OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the impact of ovarian stimulation on the intrauterine milieu represented by the cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor profile in endometrial secretions aspirated before embryo transfer. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Fertility center in tertiary referral university hospital. PATIENT(S): Forty-two patients undergoing ovarian stimulation with GnRH analogues were recruited. They participated in both a natural and an ovarian-stimulated cycle for within patient comparisons. INTERVENTION(S): Endometrial secretion aspiration was performed immediately before embryo transfer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The concentrations of 17 mediators known to be involved in human embryo implantation were assessed by multiplex immunoassay. RESULT(S): After correction for multiple testing, significantly higher concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HbEGF), eotaxin, and dickkopf homologue-1 were present in endometrial secretions obtained in stimulated compared with natural cycles. CONCLUSION(S): Endometrial secretion analysis provides a novel means of investigating the effect of ovarian stimulation on the intrauterine milieu. The in vivo milieu encountered by the embryo after transfer is significantly altered by ovarian stimulation.
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the impact of ovarian stimulation on the intrauterine milieu represented by the cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor profile in endometrial secretions aspirated before embryo transfer. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Fertility center in tertiary referral university hospital. PATIENT(S): Forty-two patients undergoing ovarian stimulation with GnRH analogues were recruited. They participated in both a natural and an ovarian-stimulated cycle for within patient comparisons. INTERVENTION(S): Endometrial secretion aspiration was performed immediately before embryo transfer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The concentrations of 17 mediators known to be involved in human embryo implantation were assessed by multiplex immunoassay. RESULT(S): After correction for multiple testing, significantly higher concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HbEGF), eotaxin, and dickkopf homologue-1 were present in endometrial secretions obtained in stimulated compared with natural cycles. CONCLUSION(S): Endometrial secretion analysis provides a novel means of investigating the effect of ovarian stimulation on the intrauterine milieu. The in vivo milieu encountered by the embryo after transfer is significantly altered by ovarian stimulation.
Authors: Charles R Wira; John V Fahey; Marta Rodriguez-Garcia; Zheng Shen; Mickey V Patel Journal: Am J Reprod Immunol Date: 2014-04-16 Impact factor: 3.886
Authors: Maren Schwenke; Martin Knöfler; Philipp Velicky; Charlotte H E Weimar; Michelle Kruse; Annemarie Samalecos; Anja Wolf; Nick S Macklon; Ana-Maria Bamberger; Birgit Gellersen Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-01-21 Impact factor: 3.240