Sense of coherence as a stable predictor for methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) outcome.

We studied stability of sense of coherence (SOC) over time and in relation to the outcomes of former heroin addicts in MMT. Between September of 2003 and April of 2006, all 90 newly admitted patients to a MMT clinic in Tel Aviv were studied and followed up for one year. A SOC (inner resources) questionnaire was done at baseline and after one year. Use of opiates, cocaine, benzodiazepines, cannabis and amphetamines in the 13 months after admission was recorded, and defined as positive if at least one urine test for any drug was positive. After one year, 77 (85.6%) stayed in treatment. SOC scores were similar at baseline and after one year, but were lower among 42 patients who still abused any drugs (118.8 + 27.4), compared with the 35 patients who did not (128.5 + 26.5, Repeated measures, Groups p = 0.003, Time effect p = 0.5, Time*Group p = 0.003). Cumulative retention revealed that 30 patients with SOC scores greater than 130 had longer retention (3.5 years, 95% CI 3.2-3.9) as compared with 60 patients with SOC scores of 130 or less (2.9 years, 95% CI 2.5-3.3). SOC is a stable parameter that can serve as a predictor for success in MMT, both as retention in treatment and drug abstinence.