CO2 laser induced long period gratings in optical microfibers.

Long period gratings (LPGs) are fabricated by use of focused high frequency CO(2) laser pulses to periodically modify the transverse dimension of silica microfibers. A 20-period LPG with a 27 dB attenuation dip is realized in a microfiber with a diameter of approximately 6.3 microm. The resonant wavelength has a negative temperature coefficient and a high sensitivity to external refractive index. The microfiber LPGs may be useful in micron scale in-fiber devices and sensors.